BGP 对等会话
了解外部 BGP 对等会话
要在对等自主系统（As）之间建立点对点连接，请在点对点链路的每个接口上配置 BGP 会话。通常，此类会话在与 AS 之外的邻接主机的网络出口点进行。图 1显示了 BGP 对等会话的示例。
图 1： BGP 对等会话
在图 1中，路由器 A 是用作3的网关路由器，而路由器 B 是网关路由器，其形式为10。例如，对于内部网关协议（IGP）而言，将使用内外部的信息流（例如 OSPF）。要在对等 As 之间路由信息流，请使用 BGP 会话。
您可以将 BGP 路由设备排列成一组对等方。不同的对等组可以有不同的组类型，AS 编号和路由反射器群集标识符。
要定义仅BGP指定系统为对等BGP的组，请包含一个或多个语句静态配置系统的所有 neighbor 对等方。对等方邻接方的地址可以是 IPv6 或 IPv4 地址。
随着外部 BGP （EBGP）组数量的增加，支持大量 BGP 会话的能力可能会成为扩展问题。配置大量 BGP 邻居的首选方式是配置几个组，每个组由多个邻居组成。支持较少的 EBGP 组通常比支持大量 EBGP 组更好地扩展。与几个 EBGP 组（每个组中有多个对等方）相比，对于数百个 EBGP 组，这会变得更加明显。
建立BGP对等方之后，BGP路由不会自动由该对等方 BGP播发。在每个 BGP 启用的设备上，需要策略配置将本地、静态或 IGP 的路由导出到 BGP 筋中，然后将其作为 BGP 路由向其他对等方通告。默认情况下BGP播发策略不会向对等BGP播发任何非路由（例如本地路由）。
另请参阅
示例：配置外部 BGP 点对点对等会话
此示例演示如何配置 BGP 点对点对等会话。
要求
开始之前，如果默认 BGP 策略不足以满足您的网络，则配置路由策略以过滤传入 BGP 路由并通告 BGP 路由。
概述
图 2显示了具有 BGP 对等体会话的网络。在示例网络中，AS 17 的设备 E 在称为external-peers的一组对等方有 BGP 对等体会话。对等方 A、B 和 C 驻留在 AS 22 中，并且具有 IP 地址10.10.10.2、10.10.10.6 和10.10.10.10。对等方 D 以79的形式驻留在 IP 地址10.21.7.2。此示例显示设备 E 上的配置。
拓扑
图 2： BGP 对等会话的典型网络
配置
操作
CLI 快速配置
要快速配置此示例，请复制以下命令，将其粘贴到文本文件中，删除任何换行符，更改与网络配置匹配的必要详细信息，然后将命令复制并粘贴到[edit]层次结构级别的 CLI 中。
set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 description to-A set interfaces ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.10.10.1/30 set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 5 description to-B set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 5 family inet address 10.10.10.5/30 set interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 9 description to-C set interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 9 family inet address 10.10.10.9/30 set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 21 description to-D set interfaces ge-1/2/1 unit 21 family inet address 10.21.7.1/30 set protocols bgp group external-peers type external set protocols bgp group external-peers peer-as 22 set protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 10.10.10.2 set protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 10.10.10.6 set protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 10.10.10.10 set protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 10.21.7.2 peer-as 79 set routing-options autonomous-system 17
分步过程
下面的示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航指南CLI，请参阅 Junos OS CLI 指南 中的 在配置模式下使用 CLI编辑器。
要配置 BGP 对等体会话：
将接口配置为对等方 A、B、C 和 D。
[edit interfaces] user@E# set ge-1/2/0 unit 0 description to-A user@E# set ge-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.10.10.1/30 user@E# set ge-0/0/1 unit 5 description to-B user@E# set ge-0/0/1 unit 5 family inet address 10.10.10.5/30 user@E# set ge-0/1/0 unit 9 description to-C user@E# set ge-0/1/0 unit 9 family inet address 10.10.10.9/30 user@E# set ge-1/2/1 unit 21 description to-D user@E# set ge-1/2/1 unit 21 family inet address 10.21.7.1/30
设置自治系统（AS）编号。
[edit routing-options] user@E# set autonomous-system 17
创建 BGP 组，然后添加外部邻居地址。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@E# set neighbor 10.10.10.2 user@E# set neighbor 10.10.10.6 user@E# set neighbor 10.10.10.10
指定外部 AS 的自治系统（AS）编号。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@E# set peer-as 22
添加对等方 D，并在各个相邻节点级别设置 AS 编号。
邻居配置将覆盖组配置。因此，
peer-as 22为组中的所有其他邻接方设置，peer-as 79均设置为邻接10.21.7.2。[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@E# set neighbor 10.21.7.2 peer-as 79
将对等类型设置为外部 BGP （EBGP）。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@E# set type external
成果
从配置模式，输入show interfaces、 show protocols和show routing-options命令以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明以更正配置。
[edit]
user@E# show interfaces
ge-1/2/0 {
unit 0 {
description to-A;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.1/30;
}
}
}
ge-0/0/1 {
unit 5 {
description to-B;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.5/30;
}
}
}
ge-0/1/0 {
unit 9 {
description to-C;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.9/30;
}
}
}
ge-1/2/1 {
unit 21 {
description to-D;
family inet {
address 10.21.7.1/30;
}
}
}
[edit]
user@E# show protocols
bgp {
group external-peers {
type external;
peer-as 22;
neighbor 10.10.10.2;
neighbor 10.10.10.6;
neighbor 10.10.10.10;
neighbor 10.21.7.2 {
peer-as 79;
}
}
}
[edit]
user@E# show routing-options
autonomous-system 17;
如果您完成了设备配置，请从commit配置模式进入。
针对
确认配置是否正常工作。
验证 BGP 邻居
用途
验证 BGP 是否在配置接口上运行，以及每个邻居地址的 BGP 会话是否处于活动状态。
行动
从操作模式运行show bgp neighbor命令。
user@E> show bgp neighbor
Peer: 10.10.10.2+179 AS 22 Local: 10.10.10.1+65406 AS 17
Type: External State: Established Flags: <Sync>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Options: <Preference PeerAS Refresh>
Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Peer ID: 10.10.10.2 Local ID: 10.10.10.1 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 0
BFD: disabled, down
Local Interface: ge-1/2/0.0
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Restart time configured on the peer: 120
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Restart time requested by this peer: 120
NLRI that peer supports restart for: inet-unicast
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 22)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 0
Accepted prefixes: 0
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 0
Last traffic (seconds): Received 10 Sent 6 Checked 1
Input messages: Total 8522 Updates 1 Refreshes 0 Octets 161922
Output messages: Total 8433 Updates 0 Refreshes 0 Octets 160290
Output Queue[0]: 0
Peer: 10.10.10.6+54781 AS 22 Local: 10.10.10.5+179 AS 17
Type: External State: Established Flags: <Sync>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Options: <Preference PeerAS Refresh>
Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Peer ID: 10.10.10.6 Local ID: 10.10.10.1 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 1
BFD: disabled, down
Local Interface: ge-0/0/1.5
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Restart time configured on the peer: 120
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Restart time requested by this peer: 120
NLRI that peer supports restart for: inet-unicast
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 22)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 0
Accepted prefixes: 0
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 0
Last traffic (seconds): Received 12 Sent 6 Checked 33
Input messages: Total 8527 Updates 1 Refreshes 0 Octets 162057
Output messages: Total 8430 Updates 0 Refreshes 0 Octets 160233
Output Queue[0]: 0
Peer: 10.10.10.10+55012 AS 22 Local: 10.10.10.9+179 AS 17
Type: External State: Established Flags: <Sync>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Options: <Preference PeerAS Refresh>
Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Peer ID: 10.10.10.10 Local ID: 10.10.10.1 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 2
BFD: disabled, down
Local Interface: fe-0/1/0.9
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Restart time configured on the peer: 120
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Restart time requested by this peer: 120
NLRI that peer supports restart for: inet-unicast
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 22)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 0
Accepted prefixes: 0
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 0
Last traffic (seconds): Received 15 Sent 6 Checked 37
Input messages: Total 8527 Updates 1 Refreshes 0 Octets 162057
Output messages: Total 8429 Updates 0 Refreshes 0 Octets 160214
Output Queue[0]: 0
Peer: 10.21.7.2+61867 AS 79 Local: 10.21.7.1+179 AS 17
Type: External State: Established Flags: <ImportEval Sync>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Options: <Preference PeerAS Refresh>
Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Peer ID: 10.21.7.2 Local ID: 10.10.10.1 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 3
BFD: disabled, down
Local Interface: ge-1/2/1.21
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Restart time configured on the peer: 120
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Restart time requested by this peer: 120
NLRI that peer supports restart for: inet-unicast
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 79)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 0
Accepted prefixes: 0
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 0
Last traffic (seconds): Received 28 Sent 24 Checked 47
Input messages: Total 8521 Updates 1 Refreshes 0 Octets 161943
Output messages: Total 8427 Updates 0 Refreshes 0 Octets 160176
Output Queue[0]: 0验证 BGP 组
用途
验证 BGP 组是否配置正确。
行动
从操作模式运行show bgp group命令。
user@E> show bgp group Group Type: External Local AS: 17 Name: external-peers Index: 0 Flags: <> Holdtime: 0 Total peers: 4 Established: 4 10.10.10.2+179 10.10.10.6+54781 10.10.10.10+55012 10.21.7.2+61867 inet.0: 0/0/0/0 Groups: 1 Peers: 4 External: 4 Internal: 0 Down peers: 0 Flaps: 0 Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending inet.0 0 0 0 0 0 0
验证 BGP 汇总信息
用途
验证 BGP 配置是否正确。
行动
从操作模式运行show bgp summary命令。
user@E> show bgp summary Groups: 1 Peers: 4 Down peers: 0 Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending inet.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Peer AS InPkt OutPkt OutQ Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped... 10.10.10.2 22 8559 8470 0 0 2d 16:12:56 0/0/0/0 0/0/0/0 10.10.10.6 22 8566 8468 0 0 2d 16:12:12 0/0/0/0 0/0/0/0 10.10.10.10 22 8565 8466 0 0 2d 16:11:31 0/0/0/0 0/0/0/0 10.21.7.2 79 8560 8465 0 0 2d 16:10:58 0/0/0/0 0/0/0/0
示例：使用 IPv6 接口配置逻辑系统上的外部 BGP
此示例说明如何在具有 IPv6 接口的逻辑系统上配置外部 BGP （EBGP）点到点对等会话。
要求
在此示例中，除了设备初始化之外，不需要特殊配置。
概述
Junos OS 通过 IPv6 地址支持 EBGP 对等方会话。当在neighbor语句中指定 ipv6 地址时，可配置 ipv6 对等会话。此示例使用 EUI-64 生成将自动应用于接口的 IPv6 地址。EUI-64 地址是 IPv6 地址，使用 IEEE EUI-64 格式作为地址（最后一个64位）的接口标识部分。
注：
或者，您也可以使用手动分配的128位 IPv6 地址配置 EBGP 会话。
如果将128位链路本地地址用于接口，则必须包括local-interface语句。此语句仅对128位 IPv6 链路本地地址有效，并且对于配置 IPv6 EBGP 链路本地对等会话是必需的。
使用链路本地地址配置 EBGP 对等互连仅适用于直接连接的接口。不支持多跳对等互连。
在接口启动后，您可以使用show interfaces terse命令查看接口上的 EUI-64 生成的 IPv6 地址。您必须在 BGP neighbor语句中使用这些生成的地址。此示例演示完整的端到端过程。
此示例将帧中继接口封装应用于逻辑隧道 （ lt ） 接口。这是一项要求，因为在接口上配置 IPv6 地址时，仅支持帧中继 lt 封装。
图 3显示了具有 BGP 对等体会话的网络。在示例网络中，路由器 R1 配置了五个逻辑系统。自治系统 （AS） 17 中的设备 E 已BGP 对等体会话组称为 external-peers 。对等方 A、B 和 C 驻留在 AS 22 中。此示例显示了逻辑系统 A 和逻辑系统 E 上的逐步骤配置。
拓扑
图 3： BGP 对等会话的典型网络
配置
操作
CLI 快速配置
要快速配置此示例，请复制以下命令，将其粘贴到文本文件中，删除任何换行符，更改与网络配置匹配的必要详细信息，将命令复制并粘贴到[edit]层次结构级别的 CLI 中，然后从commit配置模式进入。
设备 A
set logical-systems A interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 1 description to-E set logical-systems A interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 1 encapsulation frame-relay set logical-systems A interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 1 dlci 1 set logical-systems A interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 1 peer-unit 25 set logical-systems A interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 1 family inet6 address 2001:db8:0:1::/64 eui-64 set logical-systems A interfaces lo0 unit 1 family inet6 address 2001:db8::1/128 set logical-systems A protocols bgp group external-peers type external set logical-systems A protocols bgp group external-peers peer-as 17 set logical-systems A protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:19da set logical-systems A routing-options router-id 172.16.1.1 set logical-systems A routing-options autonomous-system 22
设备 B
set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6 description to-E set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6 encapsulation frame-relay set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6 dlci 6 set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6 peer-unit 5 set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6 family inet6 address 2001:db8:0:2::/64 eui-64 set logical-systems B interfaces lo0 unit 2 family inet6 address 2001:db8::2/128 set logical-systems B protocols bgp group external-peers type external set logical-systems B protocols bgp group external-peers peer-as 17 set logical-systems B protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 2001:db8:0:2:2a0:a502:0:5da set logical-systems B routing-options router-id 172.16.2.2 set logical-systems B routing-options autonomous-system 22
设备 C
set logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 10 description to-E set logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 10 encapsulation frame-relay set logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 10 dlci 10 set logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 10 peer-unit 9 set logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 10 family inet6 address 2001:db8:0:3::/64 eui-64 set logical-systems C interfaces lo0 unit 3 family inet6 address 2001:db8::3/128 set logical-systems C protocols bgp group external-peers type external set logical-systems C protocols bgp group external-peers peer-as 17 set logical-systems C protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 2001:db8:0:3:2a0:a502:0:9da set logical-systems C routing-options router-id 172.16.3.3 set logical-systems C routing-options autonomous-system 22
设备 D
set logical-systems D interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 7 description to-E set logical-systems D interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 7 encapsulation frame-relay set logical-systems D interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 7 dlci 7 set logical-systems D interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 7 peer-unit 21 set logical-systems D interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 7 family inet6 address 2001:db8:0:4::/64 eui-64 set logical-systems D interfaces lo0 unit 4 family inet6 address 2001:db8::4/128 set logical-systems D protocols bgp group external-peers type external set logical-systems D protocols bgp group external-peers peer-as 17 set logical-systems D protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 2001:db8:0:4:2a0:a502:0:15da set logical-systems D routing-options router-id 172.16.4.4 set logical-systems D routing-options autonomous-system 79
设备 E
set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 5 description to-B set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 5 encapsulation frame-relay set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 5 dlci 6 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 5 peer-unit 6 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 5 family inet6 address 2001:db8:0:2::/64 eui-64 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 9 description to-C set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 9 encapsulation frame-relay set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 9 dlci 10 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 9 peer-unit 10 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 9 family inet6 address 2001:db8:0:3::/64 eui-64 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 21 description to-D set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 21 encapsulation frame-relay set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 21 dlci 7 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 21 peer-unit 7 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 21 family inet6 address 2001:db8:0:4::/64 eui-64 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 25 description to-A set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 25 encapsulation frame-relay set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 25 dlci 1 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 25 peer-unit 1 set logical-systems E interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 25 family inet6 address 2001:db8:0:1::/64 eui-64 set logical-systems E interfaces lo0 unit 5 family inet6 address 2001:db8::5/128 set logical-systems E protocols bgp group external-peers type external set logical-systems E protocols bgp group external-peers peer-as 22 set logical-systems E protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:1da set logical-systems E protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 2001:db8:0:2:2a0:a502:0:6da set logical-systems E protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 2001:db8:0:3:2a0:a502:0:ada set logical-systems E protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 2001:db8:0:4:2a0:a502:0:7da peer-as 79 set logical-systems E routing-options router-id 172.16.5.5 set logical-systems E routing-options autonomous-system 17
分步过程
下面的示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅Cli 用户指南中的使用配置模式中的 CLI 编辑器。
要配置 BGP 对等体会话：
运行
show interfaces terse命令以验证物理路由器是否具有逻辑隧道 （ lt ） 接口。user@R1> show interfaces terse Interface Admin Link Proto Local Remote ... lt-0/1/0 up up ...
在逻辑系统 A 上，配置接口封装、对等设备编号以及到达逻辑系统 E 的 DLCI。
user@R1> set cli logical-system A Logical system: A [edit] user@R1:A> edit Entering configuration mode [edit] user@R1:A# edit interfaces [edit interfaces] user@R1:A# set lt-0/1/0 unit 1 encapsulation frame-relay user@R1:A# set lt-0/1/0 unit 1 dlci 1 user@R1:A# set lt-0/1/0 unit 1 peer-unit 25
在逻辑系统 A 上，将链路的网络地址配置为对等方 E，然后配置一个回传接口。
[edit interfaces] user@R1:A# set lt-0/1/0 unit 1 description to-E user@R1:A# set lt-0/1/0 unit 1 family inet6 address 2001:db8:0:1::/64 eui-64 user@R1:A# set lo0 unit 1 family inet6 address 2001:db8::1/128
在逻辑系统 E 上，配置接口封装、对等设备编号以及到达逻辑系统 A 的 DLCI。
user@R1> set cli logical-system E Logical system: E [edit] user@R1:E> edit Entering configuration mode [edit] user@R1:E# edit interfaces [edit interfaces] user@R1:E# set lt-0/1/0 unit 25 encapsulation frame-relay user@R1:E# set lt-0/1/0 unit 25 dlci 1 user@R1:E# set lt-0/1/0 unit 25 peer-unit 1
在逻辑系统 E 上，配置指向对等方的链路的网络地址，然后配置回传接口。
[edit interfaces] user@R1:E# set lt-0/1/0 unit 25 description to-A user@R1:E# set lt-0/1/0 unit 25 family inet6 address 2001:db8:0:1::/64 eui-64 user@R1:E# set lo0 unit 5 family inet6 address 2001:db8::5/128
运行
show interfaces terse命令以查看 EUI-64 生成的 IPv6 地址。2001地址在此示例中用于 BGP
neighbor语句中。注：Fe80 地址是链路本地地址，在此示例中不使用。
user@R1:A> show interfaces terse Interface Admin Link Proto Local Remote Logical system: A betsy@tp8:A> show interfaces terse Interface Admin Link Proto Local Remote lt-0/1/0 lt-0/1/0.1 up up inet6 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:1da/64 fe80::2a0:a502:0:1da/64 lo0 lo0.1 up up inet6 2001:db8::1 fe80::2a0:a50f:fc56:1dauser@R1:E> show interfaces terse Interface Admin Link Proto Local Remote lt-0/1/0 lt-0/1/0.25 up up inet6 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:19da/64 fe80::2a0:a502:0:19da/64 lo0 lo0.5 up up inet6 2001:db8::5 fe80::2a0:a50f:fc56:1da在其他逻辑系统上重复接口配置。
配置外部 BGP 会话
分步过程
下面的示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅Cli 用户指南中的使用配置模式中的 CLI 编辑器。
要配置 BGP 对等体会话：
在逻辑系统 A 上，创建 BGP 组，然后添加外部邻居地址。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R1:A# set neighbor 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:19da
在逻辑系统 E 上，创建 BGP 组，然后添加外部邻居地址。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R1:E# set neighbor 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:1da
在逻辑系统 A 上，指定外部 AS 的自治系统（AS）编号。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R1:A# set peer-as 17
在逻辑系统 E 上，指定外部 AS 的自治系统（AS）编号。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R1:E# set peer-as 22
在逻辑系统 A 上，将对等类型设置为 EBGP。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R1:A# set type external
在逻辑系统 E 上，将对等类型设置为 EBGP。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R1:E# set type external
在逻辑系统 A 上，设置自治系统（AS）编号和路由器 ID。
[edit routing-options] user@R1:A# set router-id 172.16.1.1 user@R1:A# set autonomous-system 22
在逻辑系统 E 上，设置 AS 编号和路由器 ID。
[edit routing-options] user@R1:E# set router-id 172.16.5.5 user@R1:E# set autonomous-system 17
对等方 A、B、C 和 D 重复这些步骤。
成果
从配置模式，输入show logical-systems命令以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明以更正配置。
[edit]
user@R1# show logical-systems
A {
interfaces {
lt-0/1/0 {
unit 1 {
description to-E;
encapsulation frame-relay;
dlci 1;
peer-unit 25;
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8:0:1::/64 {
eui-64;
}
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 1 {
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8::1/128;
}
}
}
}
protocols {
bgp {
group external-peers {
type external;
peer-as 17;
neighbor 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:19da;
}
}
routing-options {
router-id 172.16.1.1;
autonomous-system 22;
}
}
B {
interfaces {
lt-0/1/0 {
unit 6 {
description to-E;
encapsulation frame-relay;
dlci 6;
peer-unit 5;
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8:0:2::/64 {
eui-64;
}
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 2 {
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8::2/128;
}
}
}
}
protocols {
bgp {
group external-peers {
type external;
peer-as 17;
neighbor 2001:db8:0:2:2a0:a502:0:5da;
}
}
routing-options {
router-id 172.16.2.2;
autonomous-system 22;
}
}
C {
interfaces {
lt-0/1/0 {
unit 10 {
description to-E;
encapsulation frame-relay;
dlci 10;
peer-unit 9;
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8:0:3::/64 {
eui-64;
}
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 3 {
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8::3/128;
}
}
}
}
protocols {
bgp {
group external-peers {
type external;
peer-as 17;
neighbor 2001:db8:0:3:2a0:a502:0:9da;
}
}
}
routing-options {
router-id 172.16.3.3;
autonomous-system 22;
}
}
D {
interfaces {
lt-0/1/0 {
unit 7 {
description to-E;
encapsulation frame-relay;
dlci 7;
peer-unit 21;
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8:0:4::/64 {
eui-64;
}
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 4 {
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8::4/128;
}
}
}
}
protocols {
bgp {
group external-peers {
type external;
peer-as 17;
neighbor 2001:db8:0:4:2a0:a502:0:15da;
}
}
routing-options {
router-id 172.16.4.4;
autonomous-system 79;
}
}
E {
interfaces {
lt-0/1/0 {
unit 5 {
description to-B;
encapsulation frame-relay;
dlci 6;
peer-unit 6;
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8:0:2::/64 {
eui-64;
}
}
}
unit 9 {
description to-C;
encapsulation frame-relay;
dlci 10;
peer-unit 10;
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8:0:3::/64 {
eui-64;
}
}
}
unit 21 {
description to-D;
encapsulation frame-relay;
dlci 7;
peer-unit 7;
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8:0:4::/64 {
eui-64;
}
}
}
unit 25 {
description to-A;
encapsulation frame-relay;
dlci 1;
peer-unit 1;
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8:0:1::/64 {
eui-64;
}
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 5 {
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8::5/128;
}
}
}
}
protocols {
bgp {
group external-peers {
type external;
peer-as 22;
neighbor 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:1da;
neighbor 2001:db8:0:2:2a0:a502:0:6da;
neighbor 2001:db8:0:3:2a0:a502:0:ada;
neighbor 2001:db8:0:4:2a0:a502:0:7da {
peer-as 79;
}
}
}
}
routing-options {
router-id 172.16.5.5;
autonomous-system 17;
}
}
如果您完成了设备配置，请从commit配置模式进入。
针对
确认配置是否正常工作。
验证 BGP 邻居
用途
验证 BGP 是否在配置接口上运行，以及每个邻居地址的 BGP 会话是否处于活动状态。
行动
从操作模式运行show bgp neighbor命令。
user@R1:E> show bgp neighbor
Peer: 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:1da+54987 AS 22 Local: 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:19da+179 AS 17
Type: External State: Established Flags: <Sync>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: Open Message Error
Options: <Preference PeerAS Refresh>
Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Error: 'Open Message Error' Sent: 20 Recv: 0
Peer ID: 172.16.1.1 Local ID: 172.16.5.5 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 0
BFD: disabled, down
Local Interface: lt-0/1/0.25
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet6-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet6-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet6-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Peer does not support Restarter functionality
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet6-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet6-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet6-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 22)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet6.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 0
Accepted prefixes: 0
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 0
Last traffic (seconds): Received 7 Sent 18 Checked 81
Input messages: Total 1611 Updates 1 Refreshes 0 Octets 30660
Output messages: Total 1594 Updates 0 Refreshes 0 Octets 30356
Output Queue[0]: 0
Peer: 2001:db8:0:2:2a0:a502:0:6da+179 AS 22 Local: 2001:db8:0:2:2a0:a502:0:5da+55502 AS 17
Type: External State: Established Flags: <Sync>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: Open Message Error
Options: <Preference PeerAS Refresh>
Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Error: 'Open Message Error' Sent: 26 Recv: 0
Peer ID: 172.16.2.2 Local ID: 172.16.5.5 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 2
BFD: disabled, down
Local Interface: lt-0/1/0.5
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet6-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet6-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet6-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Peer does not support Restarter functionality
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet6-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet6-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet6-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 22)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet6.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 0
Accepted prefixes: 0
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 0
Last traffic (seconds): Received 15 Sent 8 Checked 8
Input messages: Total 1610 Updates 1 Refreshes 0 Octets 30601
Output messages: Total 1645 Updates 0 Refreshes 0 Octets 32417
Output Queue[0]: 0
Peer: 2001:db8:0:3:2a0:a502:0:ada+55983 AS 22 Local: 2001:db8:0:3:2a0:a502:0:9da+179 AS 17
Type: External State: Established Flags: <Sync>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Options: <Preference PeerAS Refresh>
Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Peer ID: 172.16.3.3 Local ID: 172.16.5.5 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 3
BFD: disabled, down
Local Interface: lt-0/1/0.9
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet6-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet6-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet6-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Peer does not support Restarter functionality
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet6-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet6-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet6-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 22)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet6.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 0
Accepted prefixes: 0
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 0
Last traffic (seconds): Received 21 Sent 21 Checked 67
Input messages: Total 1610 Updates 1 Refreshes 0 Octets 30641
Output messages: Total 1587 Updates 0 Refreshes 0 Octets 30223
Output Queue[0]: 0
Peer: 2001:db8:0:4:2a0:a502:0:7da+49255 AS 79 Local: 2001:db8:0:4:2a0:a502:0:15da+179 AS 17
Type: External State: Established Flags: <Sync>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Options: <Preference PeerAS Refresh>
Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Peer ID: 172.16.4.4 Local ID: 172.16.5.5 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 1
BFD: disabled, down
Local Interface: lt-0/1/0.21
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet6-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet6-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet6-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Peer does not support Restarter functionality
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet6-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet6-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet6-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 79)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet6.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 0
Accepted prefixes: 0
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 0
Last traffic (seconds): Received 6 Sent 17 Checked 25
Input messages: Total 1615 Updates 1 Refreshes 0 Octets 30736
Output messages: Total 1593 Updates 0 Refreshes 0 Octets 30337
Output Queue[0]: 0含义
正在邻居之间交换 IPv6 单播网络层可达性信息（NLRI）。
验证 BGP 组
用途
验证 BGP 组是否配置正确。
行动
从操作模式运行show bgp group命令。
user@R1:E> show bgp group Group Type: External Local AS: 17 Name: external-peers Index: 0 Flags: <> Holdtime: 0 Total peers: 4 Established: 4 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:1da+54987 2001:db8:0:2:2a0:a502:0:6da+179 2001:db8:0:3:2a0:a502:0:ada+55983 2001:db8:0:4:2a0:a502:0:7da+49255 inet6.0: 0/0/0/0 Groups: 1 Peers: 4 External: 4 Internal: 0 Down peers: 0 Flaps: 0 Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending inet6.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 inet6.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
含义
组类型为外部，组具有四个对等方。
验证 BGP 汇总信息
用途
验证是否已建立 BGP 对等体关系。
行动
从操作模式运行show bgp summary命令。
user@R1:E> show bgp summary Groups: 1 Peers: 4 Down peers: 0 Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending inet6.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 inet6.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Peer AS InPkt OutPkt OutQ Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped... 2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:1da 22 1617 1600 0 0 12:07:00 Establ inet6.0: 0/0/0/0 2001:db8:0:2:2a0:a502:0:6da 22 1616 1651 0 0 12:06:56 Establ inet6.0: 0/0/0/0 2001:db8:0:3:2a0:a502:0:ada 22 1617 1594 0 0 12:04:32 Establ inet6.0: 0/0/0/0 2001:db8:0:4:2a0:a502:0:7da 79 1621 1599 0 0 12:07:00 Establ inet6.0: 0/0/0/0
含义
下等方：0输出显示 BGP 对等方处于已建立状态。
检查路由表
用途
验证 inet 6.0 路由表是否使用本地和直接路由进行了填充。
行动
从操作模式运行show route命令。
user@R1:E> show route
inet6.0: 15 destinations, 18 routes (15 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
2001:db8::5/128 *[Direct/0] 12:41:18
> via lo0.5
2001:db8:0:1::/64 *[Direct/0] 14:40:01
> via lt-0/1/0.25
2001:db8:0:1:2a0:a502:0:19da/128
*[Local/0] 14:40:01
Local via lt-0/1/0.25
2001:db8:0:2::/64 *[Direct/0] 14:40:02
> via lt-0/1/0.5
2001:db8:0:2:2a0:a502:0:5da/128
*[Local/0] 14:40:02
Local via lt-0/1/0.5
2001:db8:0:3::/64 *[Direct/0] 14:40:02
> via lt-0/1/0.9
2001:db8:0:3:2a0:a502:0:9da/128
*[Local/0] 14:40:02
Local via lt-0/1/0.9
2001:db8:0:4::/64 *[Direct/0] 14:40:01
> via lt-0/1/0.21
2001:db8:0:4:2a0:a502:0:15da/128
*[Local/0] 14:40:01
Local via lt-0/1/0.21
fe80::/64 *[Direct/0] 14:40:02
> via lt-0/1/0.5
[Direct/0] 14:40:02
> via lt-0/1/0.9
[Direct/0] 14:40:01
> via lt-0/1/0.21
[Direct/0] 14:40:01
> via lt-0/1/0.25
fe80::2a0:a502:0:5da/128
*[Local/0] 14:40:02
Local via lt-0/1/0.5
fe80::2a0:a502:0:9da/128
*[Local/0] 14:40:02
Local via lt-0/1/0.9
fe80::2a0:a502:0:15da/128
*[Local/0] 14:40:01
Local via lt-0/1/0.21
fe80::2a0:a502:0:19da/128
*[Local/0] 14:40:01
Local via lt-0/1/0.25
fe80::2a0:a50f:fc56:1da/128
*[Direct/0] 12:41:18
> via lo0.5含义
Inet 6.0 路由表包含本地和直接路由。要使用其他类型的路由填充路由表，必须配置路由策略。
了解内部 BGP 对等会话
当两个支持 BGP 的设备处于同一个自治系统（AS）中时，BGP 会话称为内部BGP 会话或 IBGP 会话。BGP 在 IBGP 和外部 BGP （EBGP）会话上使用相同的消息类型，但发送每条消息的规则和解释每条消息的方式略有不同。因此，有些人将 IBGP 网络和 EBGP 视为两个单独的协议。
图 4： 内部和外部 BGP
在图 4中，设备 Jackson、设备孟菲斯和设备 Biloxi 彼此之间有 IBGP 个对等会话。同样，设备迈阿密和设备亚特兰大之间相互 IBGP 对等会话。
IBGP 的目的是提供一种在整个网络中可转发 EBGP 路由通告的方法。在理论上，要完成此任务，您可以将所有 EBGP 路由重新分配到内部网关协议（IGP），例如 OSPF 或 IS-IS。但是，由于互联网中大量的 EBGP 路由以及 Igp 的工作方式，不建议在生产环境中使用此方法。简言之，许多路由 IGP churns 或崩溃。
通常，回传接口（lo0）用于在 IBGP 对等方之间建立连接。只要设备正在运行，回传接口就始终为 up。如果存在到回传地址的路由，IBGP 对等会话将保持开启。如果使用物理接口地址，而该接口将启动和关闭，则 IBGP 对等会话也会上升。因此，如果设备具有链路冗余，则回传接口在物理接口或链路停机时提供容错能力。
尽管 IBGP 邻居无需直接连接，但确实需要完全网状。在这种情况下，完全网状意味着每个设备都通过相邻节点对等关系以逻辑方式连接到其他所有设备。语句neighbor将创建网格。由于 IBGP 的全网状要求，您必须在 AS 中的所有 IBGP 设备之间配置单独的对等会话。完全网格无需为物理链路。相反，每个路由设备上的配置都必须创建对等会话的完整网格（ neighbor使用多条语句）。
注：
如果配置联合体或路由反射，则会放弃对完全网格的要求。
要了解全网状要求，请考虑不能将 IBGP 获知的路由 readvertised 到另一个 IBGP 对等方。防止 readvertisement IBGP 路由并需要整个网格的原因是为了避免在 AS 中路由循环。AS path 属性是 BGP 路由设备避免环路的方法。仅当从 EBGP 对等方接收路由时，才会检查本地 AS 编号的路径信息。由于该属性仅在边界内进行修改，因此此系统工作良好。但是，仅当边界在 AS 内出现问题时，才会对属性进行修改。例如，假设路由设备 A、B 和 C 与相同。设备 A 从 EBGP 对等方接收路由，并将路由发送至设备 B，以将其作为活动路由安装。然后，路由将发送至设备 C，并在本地安装它并将其重新发送至设备 A。如果设备 A 安装了路由，将在 AS 中形成循环。路由设备无法检测环路，因为在这些通告期间不会修改 AS path 属性。因此，BGP 协议设计者决定从不形成路由循环的唯一保证是防止 IBGP 对等方在 AS 中公布 IBGP 获知的路由。对于路由可访问性，IBGP 对等方都是完全网状。
IBGP 支持多跳连接，因此 IBGP 邻居可位于 AS 内的任何位置，并且通常不会共享链接。递归路由查找将环回对等互连地址解析为 IP 转发下一个跳跃。查找服务由静态路由或 IGP （如 OSPF 或 BGP 路由）提供。
另请参阅
示例：配置内部 BGP 对等会话
此示例说明如何配置内部 BGP 对等体会话。
要求
在配置此示例之前，不需要进行设备初始化以外的特殊配置。
概述
在此示例中，您将配置内部 BGP （IBGP）对等方会话。回传接口（lo0）用于在 IBGP 对等方之间建立连接。只要设备正在运行，回传接口就始终为 up。如果存在到回传地址的路由，则 IBGP 对等方会话将保持开启。如果改为使用物理接口地址且接口将启动和关闭，则 IBGP 对等方会话也会上升。因此，如果设备具有链路冗余，则当物理接口或其中一个链路停机时，回传接口提供容错能力。
当设备与远程设备的环路接口地址对等时，本地设备希望BGP更新消息来自（由远程设备的环路接口地址提供）。该local-address语句允许您指定 BGP 更新消息中的源信息。如果您省略该语句，则更新消息BGP源基于设备的源地址选择规则，这通常会导致出口接口地址成为预期更新 local-address 消息源。发生这种情况时，不会建立对等会话，因为预期源地址（对等方的出口接口）和实际来源（对等方的回传接口）之间存在不匹配的情况。要确保预期源地址与实际源地址匹配，请在local-address语句中指定回传接口地址。
由于 IBGP 支持多跳连接，因此 IBGP 邻居可位于自治系统内的任何位置（AS），通常不会共享链接。递归路由查找将回传对等方地址解析为 IP 转发下一个跳跃。在此示例中，OSPF 提供此服务。尽管内部网关协议（IGP）的邻接方无需直接连接，但确实需要完全网状。在这种情况下，完全网状意味着每个设备都通过相邻节点对等关系以逻辑方式连接到其他所有设备。语句neighbor将创建网格。
注：
如果配置联合体或路由反射，则会放弃对完全网格的要求。
建立BGP对等方之后，本地路由不会自动由该对等方BGP通告。在每个 BGP 启用的设备上，需要策略配置将本地、静态或 IGP 获知路由导出到 BGP 路由信息库（筋），然后将其作为 BGP 路由发送至其他对等方。默认情况下BGP播发策略不会向对等BGP播发任何非路由（例如本地路由）。
在样例网络中，第 17 个AS中的设备在组中完全网状化 internal-peers 。设备的回传地址为192.168.6.5、192.163.6.4 和192.168.40.4。
图 5显示了具有内部对等会话的典型网络。
图 5： 具有 IBGP 会话的典型网络
配置
CLI 快速配置
要快速配置此示例，请复制以下命令，将其粘贴到文本文件中，删除任何换行符，更改与网络配置匹配的必要详细信息，然后将命令复制并粘贴到[edit]层次结构级别的 CLI 中。
设备 A
set interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 1 description to-B set interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 1 family inet address 10.10.10.1/30 set interfaces lo0 unit 1 family inet address 192.168.6.5/32 set protocols bgp group internal-peers type internal set protocols bgp group internal-peers description “connections to B and C” set protocols bgp group internal-peers local-address 192.168.6.5 set protocols bgp group internal-peers export send-direct set protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.163.6.4 set protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.168.40.4 set protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface lo0.1 passive set protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface ge-0/1/0.1 set policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 then accept set routing-options router-id 192.168.6.5 set routing-options autonomous-system 17
设备 B
set interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 2 description to-A set interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 2 family inet address 10.10.10.2/30 set interfaces ge-0/1/1 unit 5 description to-C set interfaces ge-0/1/1 unit 5 family inet address 10.10.10.5/30 set interfaces lo0 unit 2 family inet address 192.163.6.4/32 set protocols bgp group internal-peers type internal set protocols bgp group internal-peers description “connections to A and C” set protocols bgp group internal-peers local-address 192.163.6.4 set protocols bgp group internal-peers export send-direct set protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.168.40.4 set protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.168.6.5 set protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface lo0.2 passive set protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface ge-0/1/0.2 set protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface ge-0/1/1.5 set policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 then accept set routing-options router-id 192.163.6.4 set routing-options autonomous-system 17
设备 C
set interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 6 description to-B set interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 6 family inet address 10.10.10.6/30 set interfaces lo0 unit 3 family inet address 192.168.40.4/32 set protocols bgp group internal-peers type internal set protocols bgp group internal-peers description “connections to A and B” set protocols bgp group internal-peers local-address 192.168.40.4 set protocols bgp group internal-peers export send-direct set protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.163.6.4 set protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.168.6.5 set protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface lo0.3 passive set protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface ge-0/1/0.6 set policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 then accept set routing-options router-id 192.168.40.4 set routing-options autonomous-system 17
配置设备 A
分步过程
下面的示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航指南CLI，请参阅 Junos OS CLI 指南 中的 在配置模式下使用 CLI编辑器。
要在设备 A 上配置内部 BGP 对等体会话：
配置接口。
[edit interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 1] user@A# set description to-B user@A# set family inet address 10.10.10.1/30 [edit interfaces] user@A# set lo0 unit 1 family inet address 192.168.6.5/32
配置 BGP。
即使
neighbor设备 A 未直接连接到设备 c，也包括设备 B 和设备 c 的这些语句。[edit protocols bgp group internal-peers] user@A# set type internal user@A# set description “connections to B and C” user@A# set local-address 192.168.6.5 user@A# set export send-direct user@A# set neighbor 192.163.6.4 user@A# set neighbor 192.168.40.4
配置 OSPF。
[edit protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0] user@A# set interface lo0.1 passive user@A# set interface ge-0/1/0.1
配置接受直接路由的策略。
此方案的其他有用选项可能是接受通过 OSPF 或本地路由获知的路由。
[edit policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2] user@A# set from protocol direct user@A# set then accept
配置路由器 ID 和 AS 编号。
[edit routing-options] user@A# set router-id 192.168.6.5 user@A# set autonomous-system 17
成果
从配置模式， show interfaces输入、 show policy-optionsshow protocols、和show routing-options命令以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明以更正配置。
user@A# show interfaces
ge-0/1/0 {
unit 1 {
description to-B;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.1/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 1 {
family inet {
address 192.168.6.5/32;
}
}
}
user@A# show policy-options
policy-statement send-direct {
term 2 {
from protocol direct;
then accept;
}
}
user@A# show protocols
bgp {
group internal-peers {
type internal;
description “connections to B and C”;
local-address 192.168.6.5;
export send-direct;
neighbor 192.163.6.4;
neighbor 192.168.40.4;
}
}
ospf {
area 0.0.0.0 {
interface lo0.1 {
passive;
}
interface ge-0/1/0.1;
}
}
user@A# show routing-options router-id 192.168.6.5; autonomous-system 17;
如果您完成了设备配置，请从commit配置模式进入。
配置设备 B
分步过程
以下示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅在配置模式中使用 CLI 编辑器。
要在设备 B 上配置内部 BGP 对等体会话：
配置接口。
[edit interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 2] user@B# set description to-A user@B# set family inet address 10.10.10.2/30 [edit interfaces ge-0/1/1] user@B# set unit 5 description to-C user@B# set unit 5 family inet address 10.10.10.5/30 [edit interfaces] user@B# set lo0 unit 2 family inet address 192.163.6.4/32
配置 BGP。
即使
neighbor设备 A 未直接连接到设备 c，也包括设备 B 和设备 c 的这些语句。[edit protocols bgp group internal-peers] user@B# set type internal user@B# set description “connections to A and C” user@B# set local-address 192.163.6.4 user@B# set export send-direct user@B# set neighbor 192.168.40.4 user@B# set neighbor 192.168.6.5
配置 OSPF。
[edit protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0] user@B# set interface lo0.2 passive user@B# set interface ge-0/1/0.2 user@B# set interface ge-0/1/1.5
配置接受直接路由的策略。
此方案的其他有用选项可能是接受通过 OSPF 或本地路由获知的路由。
[edit policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2] user@B# set from protocol direct user@B# set then accept
配置路由器 ID 和 AS 编号。
[edit routing-options] user@B# set router-id 192.163.6.4 user@B# set autonomous-system 17
成果
从配置模式， show interfaces输入、 show policy-optionsshow protocols、和show routing-options命令以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明以更正配置。
user@B# show interfaces
ge-0/1/0 {
unit 2 {
description to-A;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.2/30;
}
}
}
ge-0/1/1 {
unit 5 {
description to-C;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.5/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 2 {
family inet {
address 192.163.6.4/32;
}
}
}
user@B# show policy-options
policy-statement send-direct {
term 2 {
from protocol direct;
then accept;
}
}
user@B# show protocols
bgp {
group internal-peers {
type internal;
description “connections to A and C”;
local-address 192.163.6.4;
export send-direct;
neighbor 192.168.40.4;
neighbor 192.168.6.5;
}
}
ospf {
area 0.0.0.0 {
interface lo0.2 {
passive;
}
interface ge-0/1/0.2;
interface ge-0/1/1.5;
}
}
user@B# show routing-options router-id 192.163.6.4; autonomous-system 17;
如果您完成了设备配置，请从commit配置模式进入。
配置设备 C
分步过程
下面的示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航指南CLI，请参阅 Junos OS CLI 指南 中的 在配置模式下使用 CLI编辑器。
要在设备 C 上配置内部 BGP 对等体会话：
配置接口。
[edit interfaces ge-0/1/0 unit 6] user@C# set description to-B user@C# set family inet address 10.10.10.6/30 [edit interfaces] user@C# set lo0 unit 3 family inet address 192.168.40.4/32
配置 BGP。
即使
neighbor设备 A 未直接连接到设备 c，也包括设备 B 和设备 c 的这些语句。[edit protocols bgp group internal-peers] user@C# set type internal user@C# set description “connections to A and B” user@C# set local-address 192.168.40.4 user@C# set export send-direct user@C# set neighbor 192.163.6.4 user@C# set neighbor 192.168.6.5
配置 OSPF。
[edit protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0] user@C# set interface lo0.3 passive user@C# set interface ge-0/1/0.6
配置接受直接路由的策略。
此方案的其他有用选项可能是接受通过 OSPF 或本地路由获知的路由。
[edit policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2] user@C# set from protocol direct user@C# set then accept
配置路由器 ID 和 AS 编号。
[edit routing-options] user@C# set router-id 192.168.40.4 user@C# set autonomous-system 17
成果
从配置模式， show interfaces输入、 show policy-optionsshow protocols、和show routing-options命令以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明以更正配置。
user@C# show interfaces
ge-0/1/0 {
unit 6 {
description to-B;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.6/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 3 {
family inet {
address 192.168.40.4/32;
}
}
}
user@C# show policy-options
policy-statement send-direct {
term 2 {
from protocol direct;
then accept;
}
}
user@C# show protocols
bgp {
group internal-peers {
type internal;
description “connections to A and B”;
local-address 192.168.40.4;
export send-direct;
neighbor 192.163.6.4;
neighbor 192.168.6.5;
}
}
ospf {
area 0.0.0.0 {
interface lo0.3 {
passive;
}
interface ge-0/1/0.6;
}
}
user@C# show routing-options router-id 192.168.40.4; autonomous-system 17;
如果您完成了设备配置，请从commit配置模式进入。
针对
确认配置是否正常工作。
验证 BGP 邻居
用途
验证 BGP 是否在配置接口上运行，以及每个邻居地址的 BGP 会话是否处于活动状态。
行动
在操作模式下，输入show bgp neighbor命令。
user@A> show bgp neighbor
Peer: 192.163.6.4+179 AS 17 Local: 192.168.6.5+58852 AS 17
Type: Internal State: Established Flags: Sync
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Export: [ send-direct ]
Options: Preference LocalAddress Refresh
Local Address: 192.168.6.5 Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Peer ID: 192.163.6.4 Local ID: 192.168.6.5 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 0
BFD: disabled, down
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Restart time configured on the peer: 120
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Restart time requested by this peer: 120
NLRI that peer supports restart for: inet-unicast
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 17)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 3
Accepted prefixes: 3
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 2
Last traffic (seconds): Received 25 Sent 19 Checked 67
Input messages: Total 2420 Updates 4 Refreshes 0 Octets 46055
Output messages: Total 2411 Updates 2 Refreshes 0 Octets 45921
Output Queue[0]: 0
Peer: 192.168.40.4+179 AS 17 Local: 192.168.6.5+56466 AS 17
Type: Internal State: Established Flags: Sync
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Export: [ send-direct ]
Options: Preference LocalAddress Refresh
Local Address: 192.168.6.5 Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Peer ID: 192.168.40.4 Local ID: 192.168.6.5 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 1
BFD: disabled, down
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Restart time configured on the peer: 120
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Restart time requested by this peer: 120
NLRI that peer supports restart for: inet-unicast
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 17)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 2
Accepted prefixes: 2
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 2
Last traffic (seconds): Received 7 Sent 21 Checked 24
Input messages: Total 2412 Updates 2 Refreshes 0 Octets 45867
Output messages: Total 2409 Updates 2 Refreshes 0 Octets 45883
Output Queue[0]: 0验证 BGP 组
用途
验证 BGP 组是否配置正确。
行动
在操作模式下，输入show bgp group命令。
user@A> show bgp group Group Type: Internal AS: 17 Local AS: 17 Name: internal-peers Index: 0 Flags: <Export Eval> Export: [ send-direct ] Holdtime: 0 Total peers: 2 Established: 2 192.163.6.4+179 192.168.40.4+179 inet.0: 0/5/5/0 Groups: 1 Peers: 2 External: 0 Internal: 2 Down peers: 0 Flaps: 0 Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending inet.0 5 0 0 0 0 0
验证 BGP 汇总信息
用途
验证 BGP 配置是否正确。
行动
在操作模式下，输入show bgp summary命令。
user@A> show bgp summary Groups: 1 Peers: 2 Down peers: 0 Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending inet.0 5 0 0 0 0 0 Peer AS InPkt OutPkt OutQ Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped... 192.163.6.4 17 2441 2432 0 0 18:18:52 0/3/3/0 0/0/0/0 192.168.40.4 17 2432 2430 0 0 18:18:48 0/2/2/0 0/0/0/0
验证路由表中是否安装了 BGP 路由
用途
验证导出策略配置是否导致在对等方的路由表中安装 BGP 路由。
行动
在操作模式下，输入show route protocol bgp命令。
user@A> show route protocol bgp
inet.0: 7 destinations, 12 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
10.10.10.0/30 [BGP/170] 07:09:57, localpref 100, from 192.163.6.4
AS path: I
> to 10.10.10.2 via ge-0/1/0.1
10.10.10.4/30 [BGP/170] 07:09:57, localpref 100, from 192.163.6.4
AS path: I
> to 10.10.10.2 via ge-0/1/0.1
[BGP/170] 07:07:12, localpref 100, from 192.168.40.4
AS path: I
> to 10.10.10.2 via ge-0/1/0.1
192.163.6.4/32 [BGP/170] 07:09:57, localpref 100, from 192.163.6.4
AS path: I
> to 10.10.10.2 via ge-0/1/0.1
192.168.40.4/32 [BGP/170] 07:07:12, localpref 100, from 192.168.40.4
AS path: I
> to 10.10.10.2 via ge-0/1/0.1示例：在逻辑系统上配置内部 BGP 对等会话
此示例说明如何在逻辑系统上配置内部 BGP 对等体会话。
要求
在此示例中，除了设备初始化之外，不需要特殊配置。
概述
在此示例中，您将配置内部 BGP （IBGP）对等会话。
在样例网络中，第 17 个AS中的设备在组中完全网状化 internal-peers 。设备的回传地址为192.168.6.5、192.163.6.4 和192.168.40.4。
图 6显示了具有内部对等会话的典型网络。
图 6： 具有 IBGP 会话的典型网络
配置
CLI 快速配置
要快速配置此示例，请复制以下命令，将其粘贴到文本文件中，删除任何换行符，更改与网络配置匹配的必要详细信息，然后将命令复制并粘贴到[edit]层次结构级别的 CLI 中。
set logical-systems A interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 1 description to-B set logical-systems A interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 1 encapsulation ethernet set logical-systems A interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 1 peer-unit 2 set logical-systems A interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 1 family inet address 10.10.10.1/30 set logical-systems A interfaces lo0 unit 1 family inet address 192.168.6.5/32 set logical-systems A protocols bgp group internal-peers type internal set logical-systems A protocols bgp group internal-peers local-address 192.168.6.5 set logical-systems A protocols bgp group internal-peers export send-direct set logical-systems A protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.163.6.4 set logical-systems A protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.168.40.4 set logical-systems A protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface lo0.1 passive set logical-systems A protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface lt-0/1/0.1 set logical-systems A policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 from protocol direct set logical-systems A policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 then accept set logical-systems A routing-options router-id 192.168.6.5 set logical-systems A routing-options autonomous-system 17 set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 2 description to-A set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 2 encapsulation ethernet set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 2 peer-unit 1 set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 2 family inet address 10.10.10.2/30 set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 5 description to-C set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 5 encapsulation ethernet set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 5 peer-unit 6 set logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 5 family inet address 10.10.10.5/30 set logical-systems B interfaces lo0 unit 2 family inet address 192.163.6.4/32 set logical-systems B protocols bgp group internal-peers type internal set logical-systems B protocols bgp group internal-peers local-address 192.163.6.4 set logical-systems B protocols bgp group internal-peers export send-direct set logical-systems B protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.168.40.4 set logical-systems B protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.168.6.5 set logical-systems B protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface lo0.2 passive set logical-systems B protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface lt-0/1/0.2 set logical-systems B protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface lt-0/1/0.5 set logical-systems B policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 from protocol direct set logical-systems B policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 then accept set logical-systems B routing-options router-id 192.163.6.4 set logical-systems B routing-options autonomous-system 17 set logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6 description to-B set logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6 encapsulation ethernet set logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6 peer-unit 5 set logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6 family inet address 10.10.10.6/30 set logical-systems C interfaces lo0 unit 3 family inet address 192.168.40.4/32 set logical-systems C protocols bgp group internal-peers type internal set logical-systems C protocols bgp group internal-peers local-address 192.168.40.4 set logical-systems C protocols bgp group internal-peers export send-direct set logical-systems C protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.163.6.4 set logical-systems C protocols bgp group internal-peers neighbor 192.168.6.5 set logical-systems C protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface lo0.3 passive set logical-systems C protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0 interface lt-0/1/0.6 set logical-systems C policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 from protocol direct set logical-systems C policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2 then accept set logical-systems C routing-options router-id 192.168.40.4 set logical-systems C routing-options autonomous-system 17
设备 A
分步过程
下面的示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅Cli 用户指南中的使用配置模式中的 CLI 编辑器。
要在设备 A 上配置内部 BGP 对等体会话：
配置接口。
[edit logical-systems A interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 1] user@R1# set description to-B user@R1# set encapsulation ethernet user@R1# set peer-unit 2 user@R1# set family inet address 10.10.10.1/30 user@R1# set family inet address 192.168.6.5/32 user@R1# up user@R1# up [edit logical-systems A interfaces] user@R1# set lo0 unit 1 family inet address 192.168.6.5/32 user@R1# exit [edit] user@R1# edit logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0 [edit logical-systems B interfaces lt-0/1/0] user@R1# set unit 2 description to-A user@R1# set unit 2 encapsulation ethernet user@R1# set unit 2 peer-unit 1 user@R1# set unit 2 family inet address 10.10.10.2/30 user@R1# set unit 5 description to-C user@R1# set unit 5 encapsulation ethernet user@R1# set unit 5 peer-unit 6 user@R1# set family inet address 10.10.10.5/30 user@R1# up [edit logical-systems B interfaces] user@R1# set lo0 unit 2 family inet address 192.163.6.4/32 user@R1# exit [edit] user@R1# edit logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6 [edit logical-systems C interfaces lt-0/1/0 unit 6] set description to-B set encapsulation ethernet set peer-unit 5 set family inet address 10.10.10.6/30 user@R1# up user@R1# up [edit logical-systems C interfaces] set lo0 unit 3 family inet address 192.168.40.4/32
配置 BGP。
在逻辑系统 A 上，
neighbor对设备 B 和设备 c 都包含这些语句，即使逻辑系统 A 未直接连接到设备 c 也是如此。[edit logical-systems A protocols bgp group internal-peers] user@R1# set type internal user@R1# set local-address 192.168.6.5 user@R1# set export send-direct user@R1# set neighbor 192.163.6.4 user@R1# set neighbor 192.168.40.4 [edit logical-systems B protocols bgp group internal-peers] user@R1# set type internal user@R1# set local-address 192.163.6.4 user@R1# set export send-direct user@R1# set neighbor 192.168.40.4 user@R1# set neighbor 192.168.6.5 [edit logical-systems C protocols bgp group internal-peers] user@R1# set type internal user@R1# set local-address 192.168.40.4 user@R1# set export send-direct user@R1# set neighbor 192.163.6.4 user@R1# set neighbor 192.168.6.5
配置 OSPF。
[edit logical-systems A protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0] user@R1# set interface lo0.1 passive user@R1# set interface lt-0/1/0.1 [edit logical-systems A protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0] user@R1# set interface lo0.2 passive user@R1# set interface lt-0/1/0.2 user@R1# set interface lt-0/1/0.5 [edit logical-systems A protocols ospf area 0.0.0.0] user@R1# set interface lo0.3 passive user@R1# set interface lt-0/1/0.6
配置接受直接路由的策略。
此方案的其他有用选项可能是接受通过 OSPF 或本地路由获知的路由。
[edit logical-systems A policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2] user@R1# set from protocol direct user@R1# set then accept [edit logical-systems B policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2] user@R1# set from protocol direct user@R1# set then accept [edit logical-systems C policy-options policy-statement send-direct term 2] user@R1# set from protocol direct user@R1# set then accept
配置路由器 ID 和自治系统（AS）编号。
[edit logical-systems A routing-options] user@R1# set router-id 192.168.6.5 user@R1# set autonomous-system 17 [edit logical-systems B routing-options] user@R1# set router-id 192.163.6.4 user@R1# set autonomous-system 17 [edit logical-systems C routing-options] user@R1# set router-id 192.168.40.4 user@R1# set autonomous-system 17
成果
从配置模式，输入show logical-systems命令以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期配置，请重复此示例中的配置说明进行更正。
user@R1# show logical-systems
A {
interfaces {
lt-0/1/0 {
unit 1 {
description to-B;
encapsulation ethernet;
peer-unit 2;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.1/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 1 {
family inet {
address 192.168.6.5/32;
}
}
}
}
protocols {
bgp {
group internal-peers {
type internal;
local-address 192.168.6.5;
export send-direct;
neighbor 192.163.6.4;
neighbor 192.168.40.4;
}
}
ospf {
area 0.0.0.0 {
interface lo0.1 {
passive;
}
interface lt-0/1/0.1;
}
}
}
policy-options {
policy-statement send-direct {
term 2 {
from protocol direct;
then accept;
}
}
}
routing-options {
router-id 192.168.6.5;
autonomous-system 17;
}
}
B {
interfaces {
lt-0/1/0 {
unit 2 {
description to-A;
encapsulation ethernet;
peer-unit 1;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.2/30;
}
}
unit 5 {
description to-C;
encapsulation ethernet;
peer-unit 6;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.5/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 2 {
family inet {
address 192.163.6.4/32;
}
}
}
}
protocols {
bgp {
group internal-peers {
type internal;
local-address 192.163.6.4;
export send-direct;
neighbor 192.168.40.4;
neighbor 192.168.6.5;
}
}
ospf {
area 0.0.0.0 {
interface lo0.2 {
passive;
}
interface lt-0/1/0.2;
interface lt-0/1/0.5;
}
}
}
policy-options {
policy-statement send-direct {
term 2 {
from protocol direct;
then accept;
}
}
}
routing-options {
router-id 192.163.6.4;
autonomous-system 17;
}
}
C {
interfaces {
lt-0/1/0 {
unit 6 {
description to-B;
encapsulation ethernet;
peer-unit 5;
family inet {
address 10.10.10.6/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 3 {
family inet {
address 192.168.40.4/32;
}
}
}
}
protocols {
bgp {
group internal-peers {
type internal;
local-address 192.168.40.4;
export send-direct;
neighbor 192.163.6.4;
neighbor 192.168.6.5;
}
}
ospf {
area 0.0.0.0 {
interface lo0.3 {
passive;
}
interface lt-0/1/0.6;
}
}
}
policy-options {
policy-statement send-direct {
term 2 {
from protocol direct;
then accept;
}
}
}
routing-options {
router-id 192.168.40.4;
autonomous-system 17;
}
}
如果您完成了设备配置，请从commit配置模式进入。
针对
确认配置是否正常工作。
验证 BGP 邻居
用途
验证 BGP 是否在配置接口上运行，以及每个邻居地址的 BGP 会话是否处于活动状态。
行动
在操作模式下，输入show bgp neighbor命令。
user@R1> show bgp neighbor logical-system A
Peer: 192.163.6.4+179 AS 17 Local: 192.168.6.5+58852 AS 17
Type: Internal State: Established Flags: <Sync>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Export: [ send-direct ]
Options: <Preference LocalAddress Refresh>
Local Address: 192.168.6.5 Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Peer ID: 192.163.6.4 Local ID: 192.168.6.5 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 0
BFD: disabled, down
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Restart time configured on the peer: 120
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Restart time requested by this peer: 120
NLRI that peer supports restart for: inet-unicast
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 17)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 3
Accepted prefixes: 3
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 2
Last traffic (seconds): Received 16 Sent 1 Checked 63
Input messages: Total 15713 Updates 4 Refreshes 0 Octets 298622
Output messages: Total 15690 Updates 2 Refreshes 0 Octets 298222
Output Queue[0]: 0
Peer: 192.168.40.4+179 AS 17 Local: 192.168.6.5+56466 AS 17
Type: Internal State: Established Flags: <Sync>
Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive
Last Error: None
Export: [ send-direct ]
Options: <Preference LocalAddress Refresh>
Local Address: 192.168.6.5 Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170
Number of flaps: 0
Peer ID: 192.168.40.4 Local ID: 192.168.6.5 Active Holdtime: 90
Keepalive Interval: 30 Peer index: 1
BFD: disabled, down
NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast
NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast
NLRI for this session: inet-unicast
Peer supports Refresh capability (2)
Restart time configured on the peer: 120
Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300
Restart time requested by this peer: 120
NLRI that peer supports restart for: inet-unicast
NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast
NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast
NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast
Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 17)
Peer does not support Addpath
Table inet.0 Bit: 10000
RIB State: BGP restart is complete
Send state: in sync
Active prefixes: 0
Received prefixes: 2
Accepted prefixes: 2
Suppressed due to damping: 0
Advertised prefixes: 2
Last traffic (seconds): Received 15 Sent 22 Checked 68
Input messages: Total 15688 Updates 2 Refreshes 0 Octets 298111
Output messages: Total 15688 Updates 2 Refreshes 0 Octets 298184
Output Queue[0]: 0验证 BGP 组
用途
验证 BGP 组是否配置正确。
行动
在操作模式下，输入show bgp group命令。
user@A> show bgp group logical-system A Group Type: Internal AS: 17 Local AS: 17 Name: internal-peers Index: 0 Flags: <Export Eval> Export: [ send-direct ] Holdtime: 0 Total peers: 2 Established: 2 192.163.6.4+179 192.168.40.4+179 inet.0: 0/5/5/0 Groups: 1 Peers: 2 External: 0 Internal: 2 Down peers: 0 Flaps: 0 Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending inet.0 5 0 0 0 0 0
验证 BGP 汇总信息
用途
验证 BGP 配置是否正确。
行动
在操作模式下，输入show bgp summary命令。
user@A> show bgp summary logical-system A Groups: 1 Peers: 2 Down peers: 0 Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending inet.0 5 0 0 0 0 0 Peer AS InPkt OutPkt OutQ Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped... 192.163.6.4 17 15723 15700 0 0 4d 22:13:15 0/3/3/0 0/0/0/0 192.168.40.4 17 15698 15699 0 0 4d 22:13:11 0/2/2/0 0/0/0/0
验证路由表中是否安装了 BGP 路由
用途
验证导出策略配置是否正常工作。
行动
在操作模式下，输入show route protocol bgp命令。
user@A> show route protocol bgp logical-system A
inet.0: 7 destinations, 12 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
+ = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
10.10.10.0/30 [BGP/170] 4d 11:05:55, localpref 100, from 192.163.6.4
AS path: I
> to 10.10.10.2 via lt-0/1/0.1
10.10.10.4/30 [BGP/170] 4d 11:05:55, localpref 100, from 192.163.6.4
AS path: I
> to 10.10.10.2 via lt-0/1/0.1
[BGP/170] 4d 11:03:10, localpref 100, from 192.168.40.4
AS path: I
> to 10.10.10.2 via lt-0/1/0.1
192.163.6.4/32 [BGP/170] 4d 11:05:55, localpref 100, from 192.163.6.4
AS path: I
> to 10.10.10.2 via lt-0/1/0.1
192.168.40.4/32 [BGP/170] 4d 11:03:10, localpref 100, from 192.168.40.4
AS path: I
> to 10.10.10.2 via lt-0/1/0.1概述：使用相同链路本地地址 （IPv6） 在不同的链路上配置多个单跃点 EBGP 会话
在数据中心或云等复杂网络中，链路本地地址由于链路和节点数量大量而广泛使用。能够使用链路本地BGP为瞻博网络设备部署多个单跃点安全会话是一个显著优势。
从Junos OS版本20.4R1开始，您可以在多个使用相同 IPv6 链路本地地址的直连对等方上的不同链路上启用单跃点 EBGP 会话。您不再需要为每个 EBGP 会话瞻博网络设备的对等方地址。
示例：使用相同 IPv6 链路本地地址在不同的链路上配置多跳 EBGP 会话
此示例演示如何使用同一个 IPv6 链路本地地址在不同的链路上配置多个单跃点 EBGP 会话。
要求
此示例使用以下硬件和软件组件：
2 台 MX 系列路由器
Junos OS版本20.4R1或更高版本
概述
在 Junos OS 20.4R1 之前，您可以使用链路本地地址配置 BGP 对等方，但无法将多个 BGP 对等方配置为在不同的接口上使用相同的链路本地地址。从Junos OS 20.4R1开始，您可以使用同一个链路本地地址在不同的链路上启用多跳 EBGP 会话。
拓扑
配置
此示例使用同一个 IPv6 链路本地地址在两个不同的链路上配置多个单跃点 EBGP 会话。
CLI 快速配置
R1
set interfaces ge-0/0/1set interfaces ge-0/0/1 description R1-to-R2-Linkset interfaces ge-0/0/1 vlan-taggingset interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 1 vlan-id 1set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 1 family inet6 address fe80::10/64set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 2 vlan-id 2set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 2 family inet6 address fe80::10/64set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 198.51.100.1/24 primaryset routing-options router-id 198.51.100.1set routing-options autonomous-system 65541set protocols bgp group external peer-as 65542set protocols bgp group external local-as 65541set protocols bgp group external neighbor fe80::20%ge-0/0/1.1set protocols bgp group external neighbor "fe80::20%ge-0/0/1.2
R2
set interfaces ge-0/0/1set interfaces ge-0/0/1 description R2-to-R1-Linkset interfaces ge-0/0/1 vlan-taggingset interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 1 vlan-id 1set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 1 family inet6 address fe80::20/64set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 2 vlan-id 2set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 2 family inet6 address fe80::20/64set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 198.51.100.2/24 primaryset routing-options router-id 198.51.100.2set routing-options autonomous-system 65542set protocols bgp group external peer-as 65541set protocols bgp group external local-as 65542set protocols bgp group external neighbor fe80::10%ge-0/0/1.1set protocols bgp group external neighbor fe80::10%ge-0/0/1.2
使用相同 IPv6 链路本地地址配置多个链路上的单跳 EBGP 会话
分步过程
配置基本设置，包括用于 R1 和 R2 的 vlan 标记、vlan ID、环路和 IPv6 链路本地地址。
您可以在单个接口上按如下方式配置多个单元：
R1
set interfaces ge-0/0/1set interfaces ge-0/0/1 description R1-to-R2-Linkset interfaces ge-0/0/1 vlan-taggingset interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 1 vlan-id 1set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 1 family inet6 address fe80::10/64set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 2 vlan-id 2set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 2 family inet6 address fe80::10/64set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 198.51.100.1/24 primaryR2
set interfaces ge-0/0/1set interfaces ge-0/0/1 description R2-to-R1-Linkset interfaces ge-0/0/1 vlan-taggingset interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 1 vlan-id 1set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 1 family inet6 address fe80::20/64set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 2 vlan-id 2set interfaces ge-0/0/1 unit 2 family inet6 address fe80::20/64set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 198.51.100.2/24 primary配置路由选项，以启用BGP R1 和 R2 上的路由选项。
R1
set routing-options router-id 198.51.100.1set routing-options autonomous-system 65541R2
set routing-options router-id 198.51.100.2set routing-options autonomous-system 65542使用相同链路本地 IPv6 地址，采用以下格式在 R1 和 R2 上的多个链路上配置
set protocols bgp group group neighbor peeraddress%localinterface.unitEBGP：R1
set protocols bgp group external peer-as 65542set protocols bgp group external local-as 65541set protocols bgp group external neighbor fe80::20%ge-0/0/1.1set protocols bgp group external neighbor "fe80::20%ge-0/0/1.2R2
set protocols bgp group external peer-as 65541set protocols bgp group external local-as 65542set protocols bgp group external neighbor fe80::10%ge-0/0/1.1set protocols bgp group external neighbor fe80::10%ge-0/0/1.2从
commit配置模式进入。
成果
检查以下设备配置以验证您的配置，方式如下：
下面将了解如何验证 R1 设备上配置：
user@R1# show interfaces
ge-0/0/1 {
description R1-to-R2-Link;
vlan-tagging;
unit 1 {
vlan-id 1;
family inet6 {
address fe80::10/64;
}
}
unit 2 {
vlan-id 2;
family inet6 {
address fe80::10/64;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 198.51.100.1/24 {
primary;
}
}
}
}
user@R1# show protocols
bgp {
group external {
peer-as 65542;
local-as 65541;
neighbor "fe80::20%ge-0/0/1.1";
neighbor "fe80::20%ge-0/0/1.2";
}
}
user@R1# show routing-options
router-id 198.51.100.1; autonomous-system 65541;
针对
验证 EBGP 链路本地支持
用途
使用 命令验证通过不同接口在具有相同链路本地地址的设备上 show bgp summary 创建的 EBGP 会话。
行动
user@R1> show bgp summary
Threading mode: BGP I/O
Default eBGP mode: advertise - accept, receive - accept
Groups: 1 Peers: 2 Down peers: 0
Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending
inet6.0
0 0 0 0 0 0
Peer AS InPkt OutPkt OutQ Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped...
fe80::20%ge-0/0/1.1 65542 115 114 0 0 50:59 Establ
inet6.0: 0/0/0/0
fe80::20%ge-0/0/1.2 65542 114 114 0 0 50:58 Establ
inet6.0: 0/0/0/0含义
输出表明，2 个 EBGP 会话通过 R1 （ 和 ） 的 2 个配置本地接口使用 R2 的相同 IPv6 链路本地地址 （ ） fe80::20ge-0/0/1.1 建立 ge-0/0/1.2 。