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Unicast Packet Path - Inter-VN

The following procedure steps through debugging the packet path from VM1 to VM2 (on the same compute node) and VM3 (on a different compute node). In this example, the virtual machines (VMs) listed are in the same subnet 10.1.1.0/24.

VM1

IP address 10.1.1.5/32 (Compute 1)

VM2

IP address 20.1.1.6/32 (Compute 1)

VM3

IP address 20.1.1.5/32 (Compute 2)

Note:

Replace the IP address with the actual compute IP address in all of the introspect URLs.

Intra-Compute Use Case

  1. Discover the vif interfaces corresponding to the virtual machine interfaces (VMI)s of the VM using the command:

    You can also discover the vif interfaces by entering the introspect URL:

    Example:

    Note:

    Replace the IP address with the actual compute IP address in the introspect HTTP URLs.

  2. Run the vif --get <index> command to verify the virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) and Policy flags are set in the vRouter interface (VIF).

    Example output verifying flags for each vif:

  3. Run the following command to display all of the entries from the bridge table:

    Example:

    In the case of inter-virtual network (VN)s, the packets are Layer 3 routed instead of Layer 2 switched. The vRouter does a proxy ARP for the destination network providing it’s virtual MAC address 0:0:5e:0:1:0 back for the ARP request from the source. This can be seen from the rt –dump of the source VN inet table. This results in the packet being received by the vRouter, which does the route lookup to send the packet to the correct destination.

  4. Run nh --get <nh id> to display the next-hop details.

    Example:

  5. Run rt --dump 2 --family inet | grep <ip address> to display inet family routes on the specified IP address.

    Example:

  6. Run nh --get <nh id> to get the next hop details.

    Example:

  7. Run vif --get <oifindex> to get the outgoing VIF details.

    Example:

Inter-Compute Use Case

In the case of inter-compute, the next hop looked up to send the packet out, will point to a tunnel next hop. Depending on the encapsulation priority, the appropriate encapsulation is added and the packet is tunneled out. Inter-compute traffic is between VMs on different compute nodes.

For Compute 1:

  1. Run rt --dump 2 --family inet | grep <ip address> to display inet family routes for a specified IP address.

    Example:

  2. Run nh --get <nh id> to display the next-hop details, which points to a tunnel next hop.

    Example:

For Compute 2:

  1. Run the mpls --get <label> command to see the next hop mapped to the particular incoming MPLS table.

    Example:

  2. Run nh --get <nh id> to view the next hop details.

    Example:

    In the example, Oif:4 is the OIF index in the next hop which is the outgoing interface for the packet. The Encap Data corresponds to the L2 encapsulation that is added to the IP packet before the packet is forwarded to the outgoing interface.

  3. Run vif --get <oifindex> to get the outgoing VIF details.

    Example:

    For details about EVPN type 5 routing in Contrail Networking, see Support for EVPN Route Type 5.