Class of Service

The Class of Service menu allows you to configure most of the Junos OS CoS components for the IPv4 and MPLS traffic on a J Series or an SRX Series device. You can configure forwarding classes for transmitting packets, define which packets are placed into each output queue, schedule the transmission service level for each queue, and manage congestion using a random early detection (RED) algorithm. After defining the CoS components, you must assign classifiers to the required physical and logical interfaces.

This section contains the following topics:

Defining Forwarding Classes

By assigning a forwarding class to a queue number, you affect the scheduling and marking of a packet as it transits a J Series or an SRX Series device.

To define forwarding classes using the J-Web configuration editor:

Select Configure>Class of Service>Forwarding Classes.
The Forwarding Class Configuration summary page appears.
Fill in the options as shown in Table 87.
Click one of the following buttons:
- Click OK to check your configuration, save it as a candidate configuration, and return to the main configuration page, then click Commit Options>Commit.
- click Cancel to cancel your entries and return to the main page.

Table 87: Forwarding Classes Configuration Options

Field	Function	Action
Forwarding Classes Summary
Forwarding class name	Displays the forwarding class name assigned to the internal queue number. By default, four forwarding classes are assigned to queue numbers 0 (best-effort), 1 (assured-forwarding), 5 (expedited-forwarding), and 7 (network-connect).	None
Queue number	Displays internal queue numbers to which forwarding classes are assigned. By assigning a forwarding class to a queue number, you affect the scheduling and marking of a packet as it transits a J Series or an SRX Series device. By default, if a packet is not classified, it is assigned to the class associated with queue 0. You can have more than one forwarding class to a queue number.	None
Queue characteristics	Displays the queue characteristics, for example, video or voice.	None
Add	Opens a page that allows you to create a new forwarding class.	Click Add to create a new forwarding class.
Edit	Opens a page that allows you to edit a selected forwarding class.	To edit a forwarding class, select a forwarding class in the summary page, and click Edit.
Delete	Deletes a specified forwarding class.	To delete a forwarding class, select the forwarding class and click Delete.
Add Forwarding Class/Edit Forwarding Class
Queue number	Specifies the internal queue number to which a forwarding class is assigned.	To specify an internal queue number, type an integer from 0 through 7, as supported by your device. Note: If you create a new forwarding class that overrides the default queue number, the default forwarding class is deleted after a commit.
Forwarding class name	Specifies the forwarding class name assigned to the internal queue number.	To assign a forwarding class name to a queue, type the name—for example, be-class.

Defining Classifiers

Classifiers examine the CoS value or alias of an incoming packet and assign it a level of service by setting its forwarding class and loss priority.

To define classifiers using the J-Web configuration editor:

Select Configure>Class of Service>Classifiers.
The Classifier Configuration summary page appears.
Fill in the options as shown in Table 88.
Click one of the following buttons:
- Click OK to check your configuration, save it as a candidate configuration, and return to the main configuration page, then click Commit Options>Commit.
- Click Cancel to cancel your entries and return to the main page.

Table 88: Classifiers Configuration Options

Field	Function	Action
Classifier Configuration Summary
Classifier name	Displays the names of classifiers.	None.
Classifier type	Displays the classifier type. The following type of classifiers are supported: J Series (J6350), SRX210, SRX240, SRX650: dscp—DiffServ code point classifier for IPv4 dscp-ipv6—DiffServ code point classifier for IPv6 exp—MPLS experimental (EXP) bits classifier ieee-802.1—IEEE-802.1 classifier inet-precedence—IPv4 precedence classifier SRX3400, SRX3600, SRX5600, SRX5800: dscp—DiffServ code point classifier for IPv4 dscp-ipv6—DiffServ code point classifier for IPv6 ieee-802.1—IEEE-802.1 classifier inet-precedence—IPv4 precedence classifier	None.
Details of Classifiers
Incoming code point	Displays CoS values and aliases to which forwarding class and loss priority are mapped.	None.
Forwarding class name	Displays forwarding class names that are assigned to specific CoS values and aliases of a classifier.	None.
Loss priority	Displays loss priorities that are assigned to specific CoS values and aliases of a classifier.	None.
Add	Opens a page that allows you to define classifiers.	To add a classifier, click Add.
Edit	Opens a page that allows you to edit a selected classifier.	To edit a classifier, select a classifier in the summary page and click Edit.
Delete	Deletes a specified classifier.	To delete a classifier, select the classifier and click Delete.
Add Classifier
Classifier name	Specifies the name for a classifier.	To name a classifier, type the name—for example, ba-classifier.
Classifier type	Specifies a classifier type.	Select a classifier type from the drop-down list—for example, dscp, ieee-802.1, or inet-precedence.
Add	Opens a page that allows you to assign a forwarding class and loss priority to the specified CoS value and alias. A classifier examines the incoming packet's header for the specified CoS value and alias and assigns it the forwarding class and loss priority that you have defined.	To assign a code point, forwarding class, and loss priority to a specific CoS classifier, click Add.
Add Code Point Mapping/Edit Code Point Mapping
Code point	Specifies the CoS value in bits and the alias of a classifier.	To specify a CoS value and alias, either select preconfigured ones from the list or type new ones.
Forwarding class	Assigns the forwarding class to the specified CoS value and alias.	To assign a forwarding class, select either one of the following default forwarding classes or one that you have configured: expedited-forwarding—Provides low loss, low delay, low jitter, assured bandwidth, and end-to-end service. Packets can be forwarded out of sequence or dropped. best-effort—Provides no special CoS handling of packets. Typically, RED drop profile is aggressive and no loss priority is defined. assured-forwarding—Provides high assurance for packets within the specified service profile. Excess packets are dropped. network-control—Packets can be delayed but not dropped.
Loss priority	Assigns a loss priority to the specified CoS value and alias.	To assign a loss priority, select one: high—Packet has a high loss priority. low—Packet has a low loss priority.

Defining Rewrite Rules

Use the rewrite rules to alter the CoS values in outgoing packets to meet the requirements of the targeted peer. A rewrite rule examines the forwarding class and loss priority of a packet and sets its bits to a corresponding value specified in the rule.

To define rewrite rules using the J-Web configuration editor:

Select Configure>Class of Service>Rewrite Rules.
The Configure Rewrite Rule summary page appears.
Fill in the options as shown in Table 89.
Click one of the following buttons:
- Click OK to check your configuration, save it as a candidate configuration, and return to the main configuration page, then click Commit Options>Commit.
- Click Cancel to cancel your entries and return to the main page.

Table 89: Rewrite Rules Configuration Options

Field	Function	Action
Configure Rewrite Rule Summary
Rewrite rule name	Displays names of defined rewrite rules.	None.
Rewrite rule type	Displays the rewrite rule type. The following types are supported for J6350 and the SRX Series devices: dscp—Defines the differentiated services code point rewrite rule. dscp-ipv6—Defines the differentiated services code point rewrite rule IPv6. exp—Defines the MPLS EXP rewrite rule (not supported for SRX3400, SRX3600, SRX5600, and SRX5800). frame-relay-de—Defines the Frame Relay discard eligible bit rewrite rule (not supported for SRX3400, SRX3600, SRX5600, and SRX5800). ieee-802.1—Defines the IEEE-802.1 rewrite rule. inet-precedence—Defines the IPv4 precedence rewrite rule.	None.
Code Point Details
Incoming code point	Displays the CoS values and aliases that a specific rewrite rule has set for a specific forwarding class and loss priority.	None.
Forwarding class name	Displays forwarding classes associated with a specific rewrite rule.	None.
Loss priority	Displays loss priority values associated with a specific rewrite rule.	None.
Add	Opens a page that allows you to define a new rewrite rule.	To add a rewrite rule, click Add.
Edit	Opens a page that allows you to edit a selected rewrite rule.	To edit a rewrite rule, select a rewrite rule in the summary page and click Edit.
Delete	Removes selected rewrite rules.	To remove a rule, select the rewrite rule and click Delete.
Add Rewrite Rule/Edit Rewrite Rule
Rewrite rule name	Specifies a rewrite rule name.	To name a rule, type the name—for example, rewrite-dscps.
Rewrite rule type	Specifies a rewrite rule type.	Select a rewrite rule type from the drop-down list—for example, dscp, ieee-802.1, or inet-precedence.
Add	Opens a page that allows you to rewrite outgoing CoS values of a packet based on the forwarding class and loss priority.	To assign a code point, forwarding class, and loss priority to the rewrite rule, click Add.
Add Code Point Mapping
Code point	Specifies the CoS value in bits and the alias of a classifier.	To specify a CoS value and alias, select one from the drop-down list.
Forwarding class	Assigns the forwarding class to the rewrite rule.	To assign a forwarding class, select one from the drop-down list: expedited-forwarding—Provides low loss, low delay, low jitter, assured bandwidth, and end-to-end service. Packets can be forwarded out of sequence or dropped. best-effort—Provides no special CoS handling of packets. Typically, RED drop profile is aggressive and no loss priority is defined. assured-forwarding—Provides high assurance for packets within the specified service profile. Excess packets are dropped. network-control—Packets can be delayed but not dropped.
Loss priority	Assigns a loss priority to the specified rewrite rule.	To assign a loss priority, select one: high—Packet has a high loss priority. low—Packet has a low loss priority.

Defining Schedulers

An individual device interface has multiple queues assigned to store packets temporarily before transmission. To determine the order in which to service the queues, the device uses a round-robin scheduling method based on priority and the queue's weighted round-robin (WRR) credits. Junos OS schedulers allow you to define the priority, bandwidth, delay buffer size, rate control status, and RED drop profiles to be applied to a particular queue for packet transmission.

To configure schedulers using the J-Web configuration editor:

Select Configure>Class of Service>Schedulers.
The Configure Schedulers summary page appears.
Fill in the options as shown in Table 90.
Click one of the following buttons:
- Click OK to check your configuration, save it as a candidate configuration, and return to the main configuration page, then click Commit Options>Commit.
- Click Cancel to cancel your entries and return to the main page.

Table 90: Schedulers Configuration Options

Field	Function	Action
Configure Schedulers Summary
Scheduler name	Displays the names of defined schedulers.	None
Scheduler priority	Displays the transmission priority of the scheduler, which determines the order in which an output interface transmits traffic from the queues.	None
Details of Scheduler
Name	Displays the scheduler name.	None
Value	Displays the CoS value.	None
Add	Opens a page that allows you to add a scheduler.	To add a scheduler, click Add.
Edit	Opens a page that allows you to edit a selected scheduler.	To edit a scheduler, select an existing scheduler in the summary page and click Edit.
Delete	Removes selected schedulers.	To remove an existing scheduler, select the scheduler and click Delete.
Add Scheduler/Edit Scheduler
Scheduler name	Specifies the name for a scheduler.	To name a scheduler, type the name—for example, be-scheduler.
Scheduler priority	Sets the transmission priority of the scheduler, which determines the order in which an output interface transmits traffic from the queues. You can set scheduling priority at different levels in an order of increasing priority from low to high. A high-priority queue with a high transmission rate might lock out lower-priority traffic.	To specify a priority, select one: high—Packets in this queue have high priority. low—Packets in this queue are transmitted last. medium—low—Packets in this queue have medium-low priority. medium—high—Packets in this queue have medium-high priority. strict—high—Packets in this queue are transmitted first.
Buffer size	Defines the size of the delay buffer. By default, queues 0 through 7 have the following percentage of the total available buffer space: Queue 0—95 percent Queue 1—0 percent Queue 2—0 percent Queue 3—0 percent Queue 4—0 percent Queue 5—0 percent Queue 6—0 percent Queue 7—5 percent Note: A large buffer size value correlates with a greater possibility of packet delays. This might not be practical for sensitive traffic such as voice or video.	To define a delay buffer size for a scheduler, select the appropriate option: To enforce exact buffer size, select Exact. To specify a buffer size as a temporal value (microseconds), select Temporal. To specify buffer size as a percentage of the total buffer, select Percent and type an integer from 1 through 100. To specify buffer size as the remaining available buffer, select Remainder.
Shaping rate	Defines the minimum bandwidth allocated to a queue. The default shaping rate is 100 percent, which is the same as no shaping at all.	To define a shaping rate, select the appropriate option: To specify shaping rate as an absolute number of bits per second, select rate and type an integer from 3200 to 160,000,000,000 bits per second. To specify shaping rate as a percentage, select percent and type an integer from 0 through 100.
Transmit rate	Defines the transmission rate of a scheduler. The transmit rate determines the traffic bandwidth from each forwarding class you configure. By default, queues 0 through 7 have the following percentage of transmission capacity: Queue 0—95 percent Queue 1—0 percent Queue 2—0 percent Queue 3—5 percent Queue 4—0 percent Queue 6—0 percent Queue 7—5 percent	To define a transmit rate, select the appropriate option: To specify a transmit rate, select rate and type an integer from 3200 to 160,000,000,000 bits per second. To enforce an exact transmit rate, select rate. To specify the remaining transmission capacity, select remainder. To specify a percentage of transmission capacity, select percent and type an integer from 1 through 100.

Defining Scheduler Maps

After defining schedulers you associate them with forwarding classes by means of scheduler maps.

To configure scheduler maps using the J-Web configuration editor:

Select Configure>Class of Service>Scheduler Maps.
The Configure Scheduler Maps summary page appears.
Fill in the options as shown in Table 91.
Click one of the following buttons:
- Click OK to check your configuration, save it as a candidate configuration, and return to the main configuration page, then click Commit Options>Commit.
- Click Cancel to cancel your entries and return to the main page.

Table 91: Scheduler Maps Configuration Options

Field	Function	Action
Configure Scheduler Maps
Scheduler map name	Displays the names of defined scheduler maps. Scheduler maps link schedulers to forwarding classes.	None
Schedulers	For each map, displays the schedulers assigned to it.	None
Forwarding Class	For each map, displays the forwarding classes assigned to it.	None
Details of Scheduler
Name	Displays the scheduler assigned to the selected scheduler map	None
Value	Displays the CoS values.	None
Add	Opens a page that allows you to add a scheduler map.	To add a scheduler map, click Add.
Edit	Opens a page that allows you to edit a selected scheduler map.	To edit an existing scheduler map, select the scheduler map in the summary page and click Edit.
Delete	Removes selected scheduler maps.	To remove an existing scheduler map, select the scheduler map and click Delete.
Add Scheduler Map/Edit Scheduler Map
Scheduler map name	Specifies the name for a scheduler map.	To name a map, type the name—for example, be-scheduler-map.
Scheduler mapping	Allows you to associate a preconfigured scheduler with a forwarding class. Once applied to an interface, the scheduler maps affect the hardware queues, packet schedulers, and RED drop profiles.	To associate a scheduler with a forwarding class, locate the forwarding class and select the scheduler in the box next to it.

Defining Drop Profiles

A drop profile is a feature of the random early detection (RED) process that allows packets to be dropped before queues are full. Drop profiles are composed of two main values—the queue fullness and the drop probability.

To configure drop profiles using the J-Web configuration editor:

Select Configure>Class of Service>Drop Profile.
The RED drop profiles summary page appears.
Fill in the options as shown in Table 92.
Click one of the following buttons:
- Click OK to check your configuration, save it as a candidate configuration, and return to the main configuration page, then click Commit Options>Commit.
- Click Cancel to cancel your entries and return to the main page.

Table 92: RED Drop Profile Configuration Options

Field	Function	Action
Red Drop Profiles
Drop profile name	Displays the configured random early detection (RED) drop profile names.	None
Profile type	Displays whether a RED drop profile type is interpolated or segmented.	None
Data points	Displays information about the data point types.	None
Add	Opens a page that allows you to add a RED drop profile.	To create a new RED drop profile, click Add.
Edit	Opens a page that allows you to edit a RED drop profile.	To edit an existing profile, select the profile in the summary page and click Edit.
Delete	Removes selected RED drop profiles.	To remove an existing profile, select the profile and click Delete.
Add RED Drop Profile/Edit RED Drop Profile
Drop profile name	Specifies a name for a drop profile. A drop profile consists of pairs of values between 0 and 100, one for queue buffer fill level and one for drop probability, that determine the relationship between a buffer's fullness and the likelihood it will drop packets. The values you assign to each pair must increase relative to the previous pair of values. With a few value pairs, the system automatically constructs a drop profile.	To name a drop profile, type the name—for example, be-normal.
RED drop profile type	Specifies whether a RED drop profile type is segmented or interpolated. Segmented—The value pairs are represented by line fragments, which connect each data point on the graph to produce a segmented profile. Interpolated—The value pairs are interpolated to produce a smooth profile.	Select Segmented or Interpolated.
Add	Opens a page that allows you to add the specified queue buffer fill level and drop probability as a data point for the graph.	To add fill level and drop probability, click Add.
Data point	Specifies the points for generating the RED drop profile graph. Each data point is defined by a pair of x and y coordinates and represents the relationship between them. The x axis represents the queue buffer fill level, which is a percentage value of how full the queue is. A value of 100 means the queue is full. The y axis represents the drop probability, which is a percentage value of the chances of a packet being dropped. A value of 0 means that a packet is never dropped, and a value of 100 means that all packets are dropped.	To specify x and y coordinates for data points, type a number between 0 and 100 in the following boxes: Fill level—Type the percentage value of queue buffer fullness for the x coordinate—for example, 95. Drop profile—Type the percentage value of drop probability for the y coordinate—for example, 85.

Defining Virtual Channel Groups

Note: SRX3400, SRX3600, SRX5600, and SRX5800 devices do not support virtual channels.

Use virtual channels to avoid oversubscription of links by limiting traffic from a higher aggregated bandwidth to a lower one—for example, to limit traffic from a main office to branch offices. You channelize this traffic by applying queuing, packet scheduling, and accounting rules to logical interfaces.

To configure virtual channel groups using the J-Web configuration editor:

Select Configure>Class of Service>Virtual Channel Groups.
The configure class of service page appears.
Fill in the options as shown in Table 92.
Click one of the following buttons:
- Click OK to check your configuration, save it as a candidate configuration, and return to the main configuration page, then click Commit Options>Commit.
- Click Cancel to cancel your entries and return to the main page.

Table 93: Virtual Channel Group Quick Configuration Page Summary

Field	Function	Your Action
Virtual Channel Groups Summary
Virtual Channel Group Name	Displays names of defined virtual channel groups. Allows you to edit a virtual channel group.	None
Virtual Channel Name	Displays names of defined virtual channels. Allows you to edit a virtual channel.	None
Default	Marks the default virtual channel of a group. One of the virtual channels in a group must be configured as the default channel. Any traffic not explicitly directed to a particular channel is transmitted by this channel.	None
Scheduler Map	Displays the scheduler map assigned to a particular virtual channel.	None
Shaping Rate	Displays the shaping rate configured for a virtual channel.	None
Add	Opens a page that allows you to add a virtual channel group.	To add a virtual channel group, click Add.
Delete	Removes a specific virtual channel group.	To remove a specific virtual channel group, select it from the summary page, and click Delete.
Add a Virtual Channel Group/Edit a Virtual Channel Group
Virtual Channel Group Name	Specifies a name for a virtual channel group.	To name a group, type the name—for example, wan-vc-group.
Add	Creates a virtual channel group. Opens a page that allows you to add a virtual channel to the specified group.	To create a virtual channel group, click Add.
Add a Virtual Channel/Edit Virtual Channel
Virtual Channel Name	Specifies the name of a virtual channel to be assigned to a virtual channel group.	To name a virtual channel, either select a predefined name from the list or type a new name—for example, branch1–vc.
Scheduler Map	Specifies a predefined scheduler map to assign to a virtual channel. Scheduler maps associate schedulers with forwarding classes. For information about how to define scheduler maps, see Table 91.	To specify a scheduler map, select it from the Scheduler Map list.
Shaping Rate	Specifies the shaping rate for a virtual channel. The shaper limits the maximum bandwidth transmitted by a virtual channel. Configuring a shaping rate is optional. If no shaping rate is configured, a virtual channel without a shaper can use the full logical interface bandwidth.	To specify a shaping rate, select one of the following options: To specify no shaping rate, select Unconfigured. To configure a shaping rate as an absolute number of bits per second, select Absolute Rate and type a value between 3200 and 32,000,000,000. To configure a shaping rate as a percentage, select Percent and type a value between 0 and 100.

Assigning CoS Components to Interfaces

Note: SRX Series devices do not support WAN interfaces (including T1/E1 and channelized T1/E1).

After you have defined CoS components, you must assign them to logical or physical interfaces. The Assign to Interface option allows you to assign scheduler maps to physical or logical interfaces and to assign forwarding classes, classifiers, rewrite rules, or virtual channel groups to logical interfaces.

To assign interfaces using the J-Web configuration editor:

Select Configure>Class of Service>Assign to Interface.
The Configure Interface Association summary page appears. The summary page displays the interfaces available for CoS component assignment and the status of existing CoS components.
Fill in the options as shown in Table 94.
Click OK to check your configuration, save it as a candidate configuration, and return to the main configuration page, then click Commit Options>Commit.
Click Cancel to cancel your entries and return to the main page.

Table 94: Assigning CoS Components to Interfaces

Field	Function	Action
Configure Interface Association
Port	Displays the port and interface name.	None
Scheduler Map	Displays predefined scheduler maps for the physical interface. A scheduler map enables the physical interface to have more than one set of output queues. Note: For 4-port Fast Ethernet ePIMs, if you apply a CoS scheduler map on outgoing (egress) traffic, the device does not divide the bandwidth appropriately among the CoS queues. As a workaround, configure enforced CoS shaping on the ports.	None
Edit	Opens an edit page that allows you to associate the system default scheduler map or a preconfigured map to the selected interface.	To change a map for an interface, select it from the Scheduler Map list and click Edit.
Details of Logical Interfaces
Unit		None
Forwarding class	Displays the forwarding classes assigned to a particular interface.	None
Scheduler map	Displays the scheduler maps assigned to a particular interface.	None
Virtual channel group	Displays the virtual channel groups assigned to a particular interface.	None
Classifier	Displays the classifiers assigned to a particular interface—for example, information about DSCP, DSCPv6, EXP, and inet classifiers.	None
Rewrite rule	Displays the rewrite rules assigned to a particular interface—for example, information about DSCP, DSCPv6, EXP and inet rewrite rules.	None
Add	Opens a page that allows you to add a CoS service to a physical interface.	To add a CoS service to a physical interface, click Add.
Edit	Opens a page that allows you to edit a CoS services assigned to an interface.	To edit an existing service, select the service in the summary page and click Edit.
Delete	Removes CoS services assigned to a specific interface.	To remove CoS services assigned to a specific interface, locate the interface name, click the check box next to it, and click Delete.
Add Logical Interface/Edit Logical Interface
Unit	Specifies the name of a logical interface. Allows you to assign CoS components to all logical interfaces configured on a physical interface at the same time.	To specify an interface for CoS assignment, type its name in the Unit box. To assign CoS services to all logical interfaces configured on this physical interface, type the wildcard character (*).
Scheduler Map	Specifies a predefined scheduler map for this interface. Note: You can configure either a scheduler map or a virtual channel group on a logical interface, not both.	To assign a scheduler map to the interface, select it from the list.
Forwarding Class	Assigns a predefined forwarding class to incoming packets on a logical interface.	To assign a forwarding class to the interface, select it from the list.
Virtual Channel Group	Applies a virtual channel group to a logical interface. Applying a virtual channel group creates a set of eight queues for each virtual channel in the group. Note: You can configure either a scheduler map or a virtual channel group on a logical interface, not both.	To specify a virtual channel group for the interface, select it from the list.
Classifiers	Allows you to apply classification maps to a logical interface. Classifiers assign a forwarding class and loss priority to an incoming packet based on its CoS value.	To assign a classification map to the interface, select an appropriate classifier for each CoS value type used on the interface.
Rewrite Rules	Allows you to apply rewrite rule configurations to a logical interface. Rewrite rules rewrite the CoS values in an outgoing packet based on forwarding class and loss priority. You can choose to apply your own rewrite rule or a default one. The default rewrite assignments are based on the default bit definitions of DSCP, DSCP IPv6, MPLS EXP, and IP precedence.	To apply a rewrite rule configuration to the interface, select a rule for each CoS value type used on the interface.