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color
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See link coloring.
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Constrained Shortest Path First (CSPF)
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MPLS algorithm that has been modified to include specific restrictions
for calculating the shortest path across the network.
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customer edge (CE) device
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Services Router or switch in the customer's network that is
connected to a service provider's provider edge (PE) router and participates
in a Layer 3 VPN.
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Explicit Route Object (ERO)
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Extension to the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) that allows
an RSVP PATH message to traverse an explicit sequence of routers independently
of conventional shortest-path IP routing.
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inbound router
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Entry point for a label-switched path (LSP). Each LSP must have
exactly one inbound router that is different from the outbound router.
Inbound routers are also known as ingress routers. See also outbound router.
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label
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In Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), a 20-bit unsigned integer
in the range 0 through 1,048,575, used to identify a packet traveling
along a label-switched path (LSP).
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Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)
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Protocol for distributing labels in non-traffic-engineered applications.
LDP allows Services Routers to establish label-switched paths (LSPs)
through a network by mapping Network layer routing information directly
to Data Link layer switched paths.
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label-switched path (LSP)
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Sequence of Services Routers that cooperatively perform Multiprotocol
Label Switching (MPLS) operations for a packet stream. The first router
in an LSP is called the inbound router, and the last router in the
path is called the outbound router. An LSP is a point-to-point, half-duplex
connection from the inbound router to the outbound router. (The inbound
and outbound routers cannot be the same router.)
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label-switching router (LSR)
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Any Services Router that is part of an LSP.
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Layer 2 circuit
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Point-to-point Layer 2 connection transported by means
of Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) or another tunneling technology
on a service provider’s network. Multiple Layer 2 circuits
can be transported over a single label-switched path (LSP) tunnel
between two provider edge (PE) routers.
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Layer 2 VPN
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Private network service among a set of customer sites that use
a service provider's existing Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)
and IP network. One customer's data is separated from another's by
software rather than hardware. In a Layer 2 VPN, the Layer 3
routing of customer traffic occurs within the customer network.
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Layer 3 VPN
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Private network service among a set of customer sites that use
a service provider's existing Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)
and IP network. One customer's routes and data are separated from
another customer's routes and data by software rather than hardware.
In a Layer 3 VPN, the Layer 3 routing of customer traffic occurs
within the service provider network.
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link coloring
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In Constrained Shortest Path First (CSPF) routing, a way to
group Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) interfaces for CSPF path
selection by assigning a color identifier and number to each administrative
group.
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Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS)
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Method for engineering network traffic patterns by assigning
short labels to network packets that describe how to forward the packets
through the network.
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multiple push
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Addition by a Services Router of up to three labels to a packet
as it enters a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) domain.
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outbound router
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Exit point for a label-switched path (LSP). Each LSP must have
exactly one outbound router that is different from the inbound router.
Outbound routers are also called egress routers. See also inbound router.
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penultimate hop popping (PHP)
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Using the penultimate router rather than the outbound router
in a label-switched path (LSP) to remove the Multiprotocol Label Switching
(MPLS) label from a packet.
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penultimate router
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Second-to-last Services Router in an LSP. The penultimate
router is responsible for label popping when penultimate hop popping
(PHP) is configured.
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point-to-multipoint LSP
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Label-switched path (LSP) that allows a network operator to
use MPLS for point-to-multipoint data distribution in an efficient
manner. Point-to-multipoint LSPs add IP multicast functionality to
MPLS.
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pop
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Removal by a Services Router of the top label from a packet
as it exits the Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) domain.
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provider edge (PE) router
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Services Router in the service provider network that is connected
to a customer edge (CE) device and participates in a virtual private
network (VPN).
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provider router
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Services Router in the service provider’s network that
does not attach to a customer edge (CE) device.
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push
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Addition of a label or stack of labels by a Services Router to
a packet as it enters a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) domain.
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Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)
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Resource reservation setup protocol that interacts with integrated
services on the Internet.
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route distinguisher
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A 6-byte virtual private network (VPN) identifier that is prefixed
to an IPv4 address to make it unique. The new address is part of the
VPN-IPv4 address family, which is a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
extension. A route distinguisher allows you to configure private addresses
within the VPN by preventing any overlap with the private addresses
in other VPNs.
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routing instance
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Collection of routing tables, their interfaces, and the routing
protocol parameters that control the information they contain.
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swap
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Replacement by a Services Router of a label or stack of labels
on a packet as it travels through a Multiprotocol Label Switching
(MPLS) domain.
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swap and push
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Replacement and subsequent push by a Services Router of a
label or stack of labels on a packet as it travels through a Multiprotocol
Label Switching (MPLS) domain.
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Traffic engineering (TE)
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The techniques and processes used to cause routed traffic to
travel through the network on a path other than the one that would
have been chosen if standard routing methods had been used.
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traffic engineering database (TED)
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Database populated by label-switched path (LSP) information
such as the network topology, current reservable bandwidth of links,
and link colors. The traffic engineering database is used to determine
Constrained Shortest Path First (CSPF) path selection.
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transit router
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Any label-switching router (LSR) between the inbound and outbound Services Router of
a label-switched path (LSP).
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virtual private network (VPN)
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Private data network that uses a public TCP/IP network, typically
the Internet, while maintaining privacy with a tunneling protocol,
encryption, and security procedures.
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VPN routing and forwarding (VRF) instance
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Routing instance for a Layer 3 VPN implementation that consists
of one or more routing tables, a derived forwarding table, the interfaces
that use the forwarding table, and the policies and routing protocols
that determine what goes into the forwarding table.
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