In a video (IPTV) network, broadcast television, pay-per-view (PPV), and video-on-demand (VOD) channels are all delivered by means of IP multicasting. Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is the mechanism that controls the delivery of multicast traffic to subscribers on the network. This traffic is received and controlled by the subscriber’s set-top box through multicast streams (referred to as channels). IGMP communicates with the upstream routing equipment to begin sending (join) or stop sending (leave) a channel.
Depending on the architecture that you choose for your network, the process of controlling channels occurs on a DSLAM, an aggregation switch, or an edge router.