A channel service unit (CSU) connects a terminal to a digital line. A data service unit (DSU) performs protective and diagnostic functions for a telecommunications line. Typically, the two devices are packaged as a single unit. A CSU/DSU device is required for both ends of a T1 or T3 connection, and the units at both ends must be set to the same communications standard.
A CSU/DSU device enables frames sent along a link to be looped back to the originating host. Receipt of the transmitted frames indicates that the link is functioning correctly up to the point of loopback. By configuring CSU/DSU devices to loop back at different points in a connection, network operators can diagnose and troubleshoot individual segments in a circuit.