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Collision
Detection
To handle collisions, Ethernet devices monitor the link while
they are transmitting data. The monitoring process is known as collision
detection. If a device detects a foreign signal while it is transmitting,
it terminates the transmission and attempts to transmit again only
after detecting an idle state on the wire. Collisions continue to
occur if two colliding devices both wait the same amount of time before
retransmitting. To avoid this condition, Ethernet devices use a binary
exponential backoff algorithm.
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