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Configuring System Logging for a Single-Chassis System
The JUNOS system logging utility is similar to
the UNIX syslogd utility. This section describes how to configure
system logging for a single-chassis system that runs the JUNOS software.
System logging configuration for the JUNOS-FIPS
software and for Juniper Networks routing platforms in a Common Criteria
environment is the same as for the JUNOS software. For more information,
see the Secure Configuration Guide for Common Criteria and JUNOS-FIPS.
For information about configuring system logging
for a routing matrix, see Configuring System Logging for a Routing Matrix.
Each system log message belongs to a facility, which groups together related messages. Each message is also preassigned
a severity level, which indicates how seriously
the triggering event affects routing platform functions. You always
specify the facility and severity of the messages to include in the
log. For more information, see
You direct messages to one or more destinations
by including the appropriate statement at the [edit system syslog] hierarchy level:
By default, messages are logged in a standard format, which
is based on a UNIX system log format; for detailed information about
message formatting, see the JUNOS System Log Messages Reference. You can alter the
content and format of logged messages in the following ways:
- In JUNOS Release 8.3 and later, you can log messages to
a file in structured-data format instead of the standard JUNOS format.
Structured-data format provides more information without adding significant
length, and makes it easier for automated applications to extract
information from the message. For more information, see Logging Messages
in Structured-Data Format.
- A message’s facility and severity level
are together referred to as its priority. By
default, the standard JUNOS format for messages does not include priority
information. is not included in system log messages. (Structured-data
format includes a priority code by default.) To include priority information
in standard-format messages directed to a file or a remote destination,
include the explicit-priority statement. For more information,
see Including Priority Information in System Log Messages.
- By default, the standard JUNOS format for messages specifies
the month, date, hour, minute, and second when the message was logged.
You can modify the timestamp on standard-format system log messages
to include the year, the millisecond, or both. (Structured-data format
specifies the year and millisecond by default.) For more information,
see Including the Year or Millisecond in Timestamps.
- When directing messages to a remote machine,
you can specify the IP address that is reported in messages as their
source. You can also configure features that make it easier to separate
messages generated by the JUNOS software or messages generated on
particular routing platforms. For more information, see Directing Messages to a Remote Machine or the Other Routing
Engine.
- The predefined facilities group together
related messages, but you can also use regular expressions to specify
more exactly which messages from a facility are logged to a file,
a user terminal, or a remote destination. For more information, see Using Regular Expressions to Refine the Set of Logged Messages.
For detailed information about configuring system
logging, see the following sections:
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