JUNOS Software Interfaces and Routing Configuration Guide DVD Home Techpubs Home Report an Error Collapse TOC Index Entire manual as PDF		About This Guide Objectives Audience Supported Routing Platforms Document Conventions List of Technical Publications Documentation Feedback Requesting Technical Support Support for Interface and Routing Features on SRX 5600 and SRX 5800 Services Gateways Support for Interface and Routing Features on J-series Services Routers Interfaces Overview Interfaces Terms Network Interfaces Media Types Network Interface Naming Interface Naming Conventions Understanding CLI Output for Interfaces Data Link Layer Overview Physical Addressing Network Topology Error Notification Frame Sequencing Flow Control Data Link Sublayers MAC Addressing Ethernet Interface Overview Ethernet Access Control and Transmission Collisions and Detection Collision Detection Backoff Algorithm Collision Domains and LAN Segments Repeaters Bridges and Switches Broadcast Domains Ethernet Frames T1 and E1 Interfaces Overview T1 Overview E1 Overview T1 and E1 Signals Encoding AMI Encoding B8ZS and HDB3 Encoding T1 and E1 Framing Superframe (D4) Framing for T1 Extended Superframe (ESF) Framing for T1 T1 and E1 Loopback Signals Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Interfaces Overview T3 and E3 Interfaces Overview Multiplexing DS1 Signals DS2 Bit Stuffing DS3 Framing M13 Asynchronous Framing C-Bit Parity Framing Serial Interface Overview Serial Transmissions Signal Polarity Serial Clocking Modes Serial Interface Transmit Clock Inversion DTE Clock Rate Reduction Serial Line Protocols EIA-530 RS-232 RS-422/449 V.35 X.21 ADSL Interface Overview ADSL Systems ADSL2 and ADSL2+ Asynchronous Transfer Mode SHDSL Interface Overview ISDN Interface Overview ISDN Channels ISDN Interfaces Typical ISDN Network NT Devices and S and T Interfaces U Interface ISDN Call Setup Layer 2 ISDN Connection Initialization Layer 3 ISDN Session Establishment Interface Physical Properties Bit Error Rate Testing Interface Clocking Data Stream Clocking Explicit Clocking Signal Transmission Frame Check Sequences Cyclic Redundancy Checks and Checksums Two-Dimensional Parity MTU Default and Maximum Values Physical Encapsulation on an Interface Frame Relay Virtual Circuits Switched and Permanent Virtual Circuits Data-Link Connection Identifiers Congestion Control and Discard Eligibility Point-to-Point Protocol Link Control Protocol PPP Authentication Network Control Protocols Magic Numbers CSU/DSU Devices Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet PPPoE Discovery PPPoE Sessions High-Level Data Link Control HDLC Stations HDLC Operational Modes Interface Logical Properties Protocol Families Common Protocol Suites Other Protocol Suites IPv4 Addressing IPv4 Classful Addressing IPv4 Dotted Decimal Notation IPv4 Subnetting IPv4 Variable-Length Subnet Masks IPv6 Addressing IPv6 Address Representation IPv6 Address Types IPv6 Address Scope IPv6 Address Structure Enabling IPv6 in Secure Context Virtual LANs Special Interfaces Discard Interface Loopback Interface Management Interface Services Interfaces MLPPP and MLFR MLFR Frame Relay Forum CRTP Configuring Ethernet, DS1, DS3, and Serial Interfaces Before You Begin Configuring Interfaces—Quick Configuration Configuring an E1 Interface with Quick Configuration Configuring an E3 Interface with Quick Configuration Configuring a Fast Ethernet Interface with Quick Configuration Configuring Gigabit Ethernet Interfaces—Quick Configuration Configuring T1 Interfaces with Quick Configuration Configuring T3 Interfaces with Quick Configuration Configuring Serial Interfaces with Quick Configuration Configuring Redundant Ethernet Interfaces—Quick Configuration Configuring Network Interfaces with a Configuration Editor Adding a Network Interface with a Configuration Editor Configuring Static ARP Entries on Ethernet Interfaces Deleting a Network Interface with a Configuration Editor Verifying Interface Configuration Verifying the Link State of All Interfaces Verifying Interface Properties Configuring Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Interfaces Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Terms Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Overview Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Interfaces Drop and Insert ISDN PRI Transmission on Channelized Interfaces Before You Begin Configuring Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI interfaces with a Configuration Editor Configuring Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Interface as a Clear Channel Configuring Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Interface to Drop and Insert Time Slots Configuring Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Interfaces for ISDN PRI Operation Verifying Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Interfaces Verifying Channelized Interfaces Verifying Clear-Channel Interfaces Verifying ISDN PRI Configuration on Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Interfaces Frequently Asked Questions About Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Interfaces What Clock Combinations Are Possible for Channelized T1/E1/ISDN PRI Drop and Insert? Configuring Digital Subscriber Line Interfaces DSL Terms Before You Begin Configuring ATM-over-ADSL Interfaces Configuring an ATM-over-ADSL Interface with Quick Configuration Adding an ATM-over-ADSL Network Interface with a Configuration Editor Configuring ATM-over-SHDSL Interfaces Configuring an ATM-over-SHDSL Interface with Quick Configuration Adding an ATM-over-SHDSL Interface with a Configuration Editor Configuring CHAP on DSL Interfaces (Optional) Verifying DSL Interface Configuration Verifying ADSL Interface Properties Displaying a PPPoA Configuration for an ATM-over-ADSL Interface Verifying an ATM-over-SHDSL Configuration Configuring Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet PPPoE Terms PPPoE Overview PPPoE Interfaces Ethernet Interface ATM-over-ADSL or ATM-over-SHDSL Interface PPPoE Stages PPPoE Discovery Stage PPPoE Session Stage Optional CHAP Authentication Before You Begin Configuring PPPoE Interfaces with Quick Configuration Configuring PPPoE with a Configuration Editor Setting the Appropriate Encapsulation on the Interface (Required) Configuring PPPoE Encapsulation on an Ethernet Interface Configuring PPPoE Encapsulation on an ATM-over-ADSL or ATM-over-SHDSL Interface Configuring PPPoE Interfaces (Required) Configuring CHAP on a PPPoE Interface (Optional) Verifying a PPPoE Configuration Displaying a PPPoE Configuration for an Ethernet Interface Displaying a PPPoE Configuration for an ATM-over-ADSL or ATM-over-SHDSL Interface Verifying PPPoE Interfaces Verifying PPPoE Sessions Verifying the PPPoE Version Verifying PPPoE Statistics Configuring ISDN ISDN Terms ISDN Overview ISDN Interfaces ISDN BRI Interface Types ISDN PRI Interface Types Dialer Interface Before You Begin Configuring ISDN BRI Interfaces with Quick Configuration Configuring ISDN BRI Physical Interfaces with Quick Configuration Configuring ISDN BRI Dialer Interfaces with Quick Configuration Configuring ISDN Interfaces and Features with a Configuration Editor Adding an ISDN BRI Interface (Required) Configuring Dialer Interfaces (Required) Configuring Dial Backup Configuring Dialer Filters for Dial-on-Demand Routing Backup Configuring the Dialer Filter Applying the Dial-on-Demand Dialer Filter to the Dialer Interface Configuring Dialer Watch Adding a Dialer Watch Interface on the Device Configuring the ISDN Interface for Dialer Watch Configuring Dial-on-Demand Routing Backup with OSPF Support (Optional) Configuring Bandwidth on Demand (Optional) Configuring Dialer Interfaces for Bandwidth on Demand Configuring an ISDN Interface for Bandwidth on Demand Configuring Dial-In and Callback (Optional) Configuring Dialer Interfaces for Dial-In and Callback Configuring an ISDN Interface to Screen Incoming Calls Configuring the Device to Reject Incoming ISDN Calls Disabling Dialing Out Through Dialer Interfaces Disabling ISDN Signaling Verifying the ISDN Configuration Displaying the ISDN Status Verifying an ISDN BRI Interface Verifying an ISDN PRI Interface and Checking B-Channel Interface Statistics Checking D-Channel Interface Statistics Displaying the Status of ISDN Calls Verifying Dialer Interface Configuration Configuring USB Modems for Dial Backup USB Modem Terms USB Modem Interface Overview Before You Begin Connecting the USB Modem to the Device's USB Port Configuring USB Modems for Dial Backup with a Configuration Editor Configuring a USB Modem Interface for Dial Backup Configuring a Dialer Interface for USB Modem Dial Backup Configuring Dial Backup for a USB Modem Connection Configuring a Dialer Filter for USB Modem Dial Backup Configuring Dialer Watch for USB Modem Dial Backup Configuring Dial-In for a USB Modem Connection Configuring PAP on Dialer Interfaces (Optional) Configuring CHAP on Dialer Interfaces (Optional) Configuring Link Services Interfaces Link Services Terms Link Services Interfaces Overview Services Available on J-series Link Services Interface Link Services Exceptions on J-series Services Routers Multilink Bundles Overview Link Fragmentation and Interleaving Overview Compressed Real-Time Transport Protocol Overview Queuing with LFI on J-series Devices Queuing on Q0s of Constituent Links Queuing on Q2s of Constituent Links Load Balancing with LFI Configuring CoS Components with LFI Shaping Rate Scheduling Priority Buffer Size Before You Begin Configuring the Link Services Interface with Quick Configuration Configuring the Link Services Interface with a Configuration Editor Configuring MLPPP Bundles and LFI on Serial Links Configuring an MLPPP Bundle Enabling Link Fragmentation and Interleaving Defining Classifiers and Forwarding Classes Defining and Applying Scheduler Maps Applying Shaping Rates to Interfaces Configuring MLFR FRF.15 Bundles Configuring MLFR FRF.16 Bundles Configuring CRTP Verifying the Link Services Interface Configuration Displaying Multilink Bundle Configurations Displaying Link Services CoS Configurations Verifying Link Services Interface Statistics Verifying Link Services CoS Frequently Asked Questions About the Link Services Interface Which CoS Components Are Applied to the Constituent Links? What Causes Jitter and Latency on the Multilink Bundle? Are LFI and Load Balancing Working Correctly? Why Are Packets Dropped on a PVC Between a J-series Device and Another Vendor? Configuring uPIMs as Ethernet Switches Gigabit Ethernet uPIM Switch Overview Switching mode Connecting uPIMs in a Daisy-Chain Enhanced Switching Mode Link Aggregation Link Aggregation Group (LAG) Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) IGMP Snooping How IGMP Snooping Works How Hosts Join and Leave Multicast Groups Configuring Gigabit Ethernet uPIM Switches Verifying Gigabit Ethernet uPIM Switch Configuration Verifying Status of uPIM Switch Ports Routing Overview Routing Terms Routing Overview Networks and Subnetworks Autonomous Systems Interior and Exterior Gateway Protocols Routing Tables Forwarding Tables Dynamic and Static Routing Route Advertisements Route Aggregation RIP Overview Distance-Vector Routing Protocols Maximizing Hop Count RIP Packets Split Horizon and Poison Reverse Efficiency Techniques Limitations of Unidirectional Connectivity RIPng Overview RIPng Protocol Overview RIPng Standards RIPng Packets OSPF Overview Link-State Advertisements Role of the Designated Router Path Cost Metrics Areas and Area Border Routers Role of the Backbone Area Stub Areas and Not-So-Stubby Areas IS-IS Overview IS-IS Areas Network Entity Titles and System Identifiers IS-IS Path Selection Protocol Data Units IS-IS Hello PDU Link-State PDU Complete Sequence Number PDU Partial Sequence Number PDU BGP Overview Point-to-Point Connections BGP Messages for Session Establishment BGP Messages for Session Maintenance IBGP and EBGP Route Selection Local Preference AS Path Origin Multiple Exit Discriminator Default MED Usage Additional MED Options for Path Selection Scaling BGP for Large Networks Route Reflectors—for Added Hierarchy Confederations—for Subdivision Configuring Static Routes Static Routing Overview Static Route Preferences Qualified Next Hops Control of Static Routes Route Retention Readvertisement Prevention Forced Rejection of Passive Route Traffic Default Properties Before You Begin Configuring Static Routes with Quick Configuration Configuring Static Routes with a Configuration Editor Configuring a Basic Set of Static Routes (Required) Controlling Static Route Selection (Optional) Controlling Static Routes in the Routing and Forwarding Tables (Optional) Defining Default Behavior for All Static Routes (Optional) Verifying the Static Route Configuration Displaying the Routing Table Configuring a RIP Network RIP Overview RIP Traffic Control with Metrics Authentication Before You Begin Configuring a RIP Network with Quick Configuration Configuring a RIP Network with a Configuration Editor Configuring a Basic RIP Network (Required) Controlling Traffic in a RIP Network (Optional) Controlling Traffic with the Incoming Metric Controlling Traffic with the Outgoing Metric Enabling Authentication for RIP Exchanges (Optional) Enabling Authentication with Plain-Text Passwords Enabling Authentication with MD5 Authentication Verifying the RIP Configuration Verifying the RIP-Enabled Interfaces Verifying the Exchange of RIP Messages Verifying Reachability of All Hosts in the RIP Network Configuring an OSPF Network OSPF Overview Enabling OSPF OSPF Areas Path Cost Metrics OSPF Dial-on-Demand Circuits Before You Begin Configuring an OSPF Network with Quick Configuration Configuring an OSPF Network with a Configuration Editor Configuring the Router Identifier (Required) Configuring a Single-Area OSPF Network (Required) Configuring a Multiarea OSPF Network (Optional) Creating the Backbone Area Creating Additional OSPF Areas Configuring Area Border Routers Configuring Stub and Not-So-Stubby Areas (Optional) Tuning an OSPF Network for Efficient Operation Controlling Route Selection in the Forwarding Table Controlling the Cost of Individual Network Segments Enabling Authentication for OSPF Exchanges Controlling Designated Router Election Verifying an OSPF Configuration Verifying OSPF-Enabled Interfaces Verifying OSPF Neighbors Verifying the Number of OSPF Routes Verifying Reachability of All Hosts in an OSPF Network Configuring the IS-IS Protocol IS-IS Overview ISO Network Addresses System Identifier Mapping Before You Begin Configuring IS-IS with a Configuration Editor Verifying IS-IS on a Services Router Displaying IS-IS Interface Configuration Displaying IS-IS Interface Configuration Detail Displaying IS-IS Adjacencies Displaying IS-IS Adjacencies in Detail Configuring BGP Sessions BGP Overview BGP Peering Sessions IBGP Full Mesh Requirement Route Reflectors and Clusters BGP Confederations Before You Begin Configuring BGP Sessions with Quick Configuration Configuring BGP Sessions with a Configuration Editor Configuring Point-to-Point Peering Sessions (Required) Configuring BGP Within a Network (Required) Configuring a Route Reflector (Optional) Configuring BGP Confederations (Optional) Verifying a BGP Configuration Verifying BGP Neighbors Verifying BGP Groups Verifying BGP Summary Information Verifying Reachability of All Peers in a BGP Network Multiprotocol Label Switching Overview MPLS and VPN Terms MPLS Overview Label Switching Label-Switched Paths Label-Switching Routers Labels Label Operations Penultimate Hop Popping LSP Establishment Static LSPs Dynamic LSPs Traffic Engineering with MPLS Point-to-Multipoint LSPs Point-to-Multipoint LSP Properties Point-to-Multipoint LSP Configuration Signaling Protocols Overview Label Distribution Protocol LDP Operation LDP Messages Resource Reservation Protocol RSVP Fundamentals Bandwidth Reservation Requirement Explicit Route Objects Constrained Shortest Path First Link Coloring VPN Overview VPN Components VPN Routing Requirements VPN Routing Information VRF Instances Route Distinguishers Route Targets to Control the VRF Table Types of VPNs Layer 2 VPNs Layer 2 Circuits Layer 3 VPNs Enabling MPLS Deleting Security Services Enabling MPLS on the Router Configuring Signaling Protocols for Traffic Engineering Signaling Protocol Overview LDP Signaling Protocol RSVP Signaling Protocol Before You Begin Configuring LDP and RSVP with a Configuration Editor Configuring LDP-Signaled LSPs Configuring RSVP-Signaled LSPs Verifying an MPLS Configuration Verifying an LDP-Signaled LSP Verifying LDP Neighbors Verifying LDP Sessions Verifying the Presence of LDP-Signaled LSPs Verifying Traffic Forwarding over the LDP-Signaled LSP Verifying an RSVP-Signaled LSP Verifying RSVP Neighbors Verifying RSVP Sessions Verifying the Presence of RSVP-Signaled LSPs Configuring Virtual Private Networks VPN Configuration Overview Sample VPN Topology Basic Layer 2 VPN Configuration Basic Layer 2 Circuit Configuration Basic Layer 3 VPN Configuration Before You Begin Configuring VPNs with a Configuration Editor Configuring Interfaces Participating in a VPN Configuring Protocols Used by a VPN Configuring MPLS for VPNs Configuring a BGP Session Configuring Routing Options for VPNs Configuring an IGP and a Signaling Protocol Configuring LDP for Signaling Configuring RSVP for Signaling Configuring a Layer 2 Circuit Configuring a VPN Routing Instance Configuring a VPN Routing Policy Configuring a Routing Policy for Layer 2 VPNs Configuring a Routing Policy for Layer 3 VPNs Verifying a VPN Configuration Pinging a Layer 2 VPN Pinging a Layer 3 VPN Pinging a Layer 2 Circuit Configuring CLNS VPNs CLNS Terms CLNS Overview Before You Begin Configuring CLNS with a Configuration Editor Configuring a VPN Routing Instance (Required) Configuring ES-IS Configuring IS-IS for CLNS Configuring CLNS Static Routes Configuring BGP for CLNS Verifying CLNS VPN Configuration Displaying CLNS VPN Configuration Configuring Routing Policies Routing Policies Routing Policy Overview Routing Policy Terms Default and Final Actions Applying Routing Policies Routing Policy Match Conditions Routing Policy Actions Before You Begin Configuring a Routing Policy with a Configuration Editor Configuring the Policy Name (Required) Configuring a Policy Term (Required) Rejecting Known Invalid Routes (Optional) Injecting OSPF Routes into the BGP Routing Table (Optional) Grouping Source and Destination Prefixes in a Forwarding Class (Optional) Configuring a Policy to Prepend the AS Path (Optional) Configuring Damping Parameters (Optional) Configuring Stateless Firewall Filters (ACLs) Stateless Firewall Filters Stateless Firewall Filter Overview Stateless Firewall Filter Terms Chained Stateless Firewall Filters Planning a Stateless Firewall Filter Stateless Firewall Filter Match Conditions Stateless Firewall Filter Actions and Action Modifiers Before You Begin Configuring a Stateless Firewall Filter with a Configuration Editor Stateless Firewall Filter Strategies Strategy for a Typical Stateless Firewall Filter Strategy for Handling Packet Fragments Configuring a Routing Engine Firewall Filter for Services and Protocols from Trusted Sources Configuring a Routing Engine Firewall Filter to Protect Against TCP and ICMP Floods Configuring a Routing Engine Firewall Filter to Handle Fragments Applying a Stateless Firewall Filter to an Interface Verifying Stateless Firewall Filter Configuration Displaying Stateless Firewall Filter Configurations Displaying Stateless Firewall Filter Logs Displaying Firewall Filter Statistics Verifying a Services, Protocols, and Trusted Sources Firewall Filter Verifying a TCP and ICMP Flood Firewall Filter Verifying a Firewall Filter That Handles Fragments Class-of-Service Overview CoS Terms Benefits of CoS CoS Across the Network JUNOS CoS Components Code-Point Aliases Classifiers Behavior Aggregate Classifiers Default IP Precedence Classifier Multifield Classifiers Forwarding Classes Loss Priorities Forwarding Policy Options Transmission Queues Schedulers Transmit Rate Delay Buffer Size Scheduling Priority Shaping Rate RED Drop Profiles Default Drop Profiles Virtual Channels Policers for Traffic Classes Rewrite Rules How CoS Components Work CoS Process on Incoming Packets CoS Process on Outgoing Packets Default CoS Settings Default CoS Values and Aliases Forwarding Class Queue Assignments Scheduler Settings Default Behavior Aggregate Classifiers Defining BA Classifiers Applying a BA Classifier to a Logical Interface CoS Value Rewrites Sample Behavior Aggregate Classification Transmission Scheduling CoS Queuing for Tunnels Benefits of CoS Queuing on Tunnel Interfaces How CoS Queuing Works Limitations on CoS Shapers for Tunnel Interfaces Configuring Class of Service Before You Begin Configuring CoS with Quick Configuration Defining CoS Components Defining CoS Value Aliases Defining Forwarding Classes Defining Classifiers Defining Rewrite Rules Defining Schedulers Defining Virtual Channel Groups Assigning CoS Components to Interfaces Configuring CoS Components with a Configuration Editor Configuring a Policer for a Firewall Filter Configuring and Applying a Firewall Filter for a Multifield Classifier Assigning Forwarding Classes to Output Queues Configuring Forwarding Classes Assigning a Forwarding Class to an Interface Example: Configuring Up to Eight Forwarding Classes Configuring and Applying Rewrite Rules Configuring and Applying Behavior Aggregate Classifiers Example: Defining Aliases for Bits Configuring RED Drop Profiles for Congestion Control Example: Configuring RED Drop Profiles Configuring Schedulers Example: Configuring Priority Scheduling Configuring and Applying Scheduler Maps Scheduler Maps: Sample Configuration Schedulers: Sample Configuration Configuring and Applying Virtual Channels Configuring and Applying Adaptive Shaping for Frame Relay Configuring CoS Queuing for Tunnels with a Configuration Editor Configuring CoS for GRE Tunnels Preserving the ToS Value of a Tunneled Packet Configuring Strict High Priority for Queuing with a Configuration Editor Configuring Large Delay Buffers with a Configuration Editor Maximum Delay Buffer Sizes Available to Interfaces Delay Buffer Size Allocation Methods Specifying Delay Buffer Sizes for Queues Configuring a Large Delay Buffer on a Channelized T1 interface Configuring CoS Hierarchical Schedulers Hierarchical Scheduler Terminology Configuring an Interface Set Applying an Interface Set Interface Set Caveats Introduction to Hierarchical Schedulers Scheduler Hierarchy Example Interface Sets for the Hierarchical Example Interfaces for the Hierarchical Example Traffic Control Profiles for the Hierarchical Example Schedulers for the Hierarchical Example Drop Profiles for the Hierarchical Example Scheduler Maps for the Hierarchical Example Applying Traffic Control Profiles for the Hierarchical Example Controlling Remaining Traffic Internal Scheduler Nodes PIR-only and CIR Mode Priority Propagation IOC Hardware Properties WRED on the IOC MDRR on the IOC Configuring Excess Bandwidth Sharing Excess Bandwidth Sharing and Minimum Logical Interface Shaping Selecting Excess Bandwidth Sharing Proportional Rates Mapping Calculated Weights to Hardware Weights Allocating Weight with Only Shaping Rates or Unshaped Logical Interfaces Sharing Bandwidth Among Logical Interfaces Verifying a CoS Configuration Verifying Multicast Session Announcements Verifying a Virtual Channel Configuration Verifying a Virtual Channel Group Configuration Verifying an Adaptive Shaper Configuration Displaying CoS Tunnel Configurations Verifying a CoS GRE Tunnel Queuing Configuration Verifying a CoS IP-IP Tunnel Configuration Index Index