JUNOSe 9.3.x BGP and MPLS Configuration Guide CD Home Techpubs Home Report an Error Collapse TOC List of Figures List of Tables Index Entire manual as PDF		About the Documentation E-series and JUNOSe Documentation and Release Notes Audience E-series and JUNOSe Text and Syntax Conventions Related E-series and JUNOSe Documentation Obtaining Documentation Documentation Feedback Requesting Technical Support Configuring BGP Routing Overview Conventions in This Chapter Autonomous Systems BGP Speaker BGP Peers and Neighbors BGP Session IBGP and EBGP Interior Gateway Protocols BGP Messages BGP Route Routing Information Base Prefixes and CIDR Path Attributes Transit and Nontransit Service IPv6 BGP Support Exchange of IPv6 Routing Information over TCP IPv4 Exchange of IPv6 Routing Information over TCP IPv6 Link-Local Next Hops in MP-BGP Packets Platform Considerations References Features Before You Configure BGP Configuration Tasks Basic Configuration Enabling BGP Routing Understanding BGP Command Scope Inheritance of Configuration Values Limitations on Inheritance Setting the BGP Identifier Configuring Neighbors Configuring BGP Peer Groups Setting the Peer Type Assigning a Description Logging Neighbor State Changes Specifying a Source Address for a BGP Session Specifying Peers That Are Not Directly Connected Specifying a Single-Hop Connection for IBGP Peers Controlling the Number of Prefixes Removing Private AS Numbers from Updates Checking AS Path Length Enabling MD5 Authentication on a TCP Connection Setting the Maximum Size of Update Messages Setting Automatic Fallover Setting Timers Automatic Summarization of Routes Administrative Shutdown Configuring BGP for Overload Conditions Enabling Route Storage in Adj-RIBs-Out Tables Effects of Changing Outbound Policies Configuring the Address Family Enabling Lenient Behavior Configuring Promiscuous Peers and Dynamic Peering Configuring Passive Peers Advertising Routes Prefixes Originating in an AS Advertising Best Routes Redistributing Routes into BGP Redistributing Routes from BGP Configuring a Default Route Advertising Default Routes Redistributing Default Routes Setting a Static Default Route Setting the Minimum Interval Between Routing Updates Aggregating Routes Advertising Inactive Routes Verifying an AS Path Advertising IPv4 Routes Between IPv6 BGP Peers Advertising Routes Conditionally Advertising a Route Only When Another Route is Present Advertising a Route Only When Another Route is Absent Advertising a Default Route Only When Another Route Is Present Configuring BGP Routing Policy Types of BGP Route Maps Applying Table Maps Access Lists Filtering Prefixes Filtering AS Paths with a Filter List Filtering AS Paths with a Route Map Configuring the Community Attribute Community Lists Resetting a BGP Connection Changing Policies Without Disruption Soft Reconfiguration Route-Refresh Capability Cooperative Route Filtering Configuring Route Flap Dampening Global Route Flap Dampening Policy-Based Route Flap Dampening Policy Testing Selecting the Best Path BGP Path Decision Algorithm Configuring Next-Hop Processing Next Hops Next-Hop-Self Assigning a Weight to a Route Using the neighbor weight Command Using a Route Map Using an AS-Path Access List Configuring the Local-Pref Attribute Using the bgp default local-preference Command Using a Route Map to Set the Local Preference Understanding the Origin Attribute Understanding the AS-Path Attribute Configuring a Local AS Configuring the MED Attribute Missing MED Values Comparing MED Values Within a Confederation Capability Negotiation Cooperative Route Filtering Dynamic Capability Negotiation Four-Octet AS Numbers Graceful Restarts Route Refresh Interactions Between BGP and IGPs Synchronizing BGP with IGPs Disabling Synchronization Setting the Administrative Distance for a Route Configuring Backdoor Routes Setting the Maximum Number of Equal-Cost Multipaths Detecting Peer Reachability with BFD BFD and BGP Graceful Restart Managing a Large-Scale AS Configuring a Confederation Configuring Route Reflectors Route Reflection and Redundancy Route Reflection and Looping Configuring BGP Multicasting Monitoring BGP Multicast Services Using BGP Routes for Other Protocols Configuring BGP/MPLS VPNs Testing BGP Policies Monitoring BGP MPLS Overview MPLS Overview Conventions for MPLS Topics MPLS Terms and Acronyms MPLS Features MPLS Platform Considerations MPLS References MPLS Label Switching and Packet Forwarding MPLS LSRs MPLS Label Switching: Push, Look Up, and Pop MPLS Label Stacking MPLS Labels and Label Spaces TTL Processing in the Platform Label Space TTL Processing on Incoming MPLS Packets TTL Processing on Outgoing MPLS Packets Rules for Processing on an LSR Rules for Processing on an LER MPLS Rules for TTL Expiration MPLS Label Distribution Methodology Mapping IP Data Packets onto MPLS LSPs Statistics for IP Packets Moving On or Off MPLS LSPs MPLS Forwarding and Next-Hop Tables Spoof Checking MPLS Packets IP and IPv6 Tunnel Routing Tables and MPLS Tunnels Explicit Routing for MPLS MPLS Interfaces and Interface Stacking MPLS Major Interfaces MPLS Minor Interfaces MPLS Shim Interfaces Interface Stacking MPLS Label Distribution Protocols LDP Messages and Sessions RSVP-TE Messages and Sessions RSVP-TE State Refresh and Reliability BGP Signaling ECMP Labels for MPLS LDP Discovery Mechanisms LDP Basic Discovery Mechanism LDP Extended Discovery Mechanism MPLS Traffic Engineering LSP Backup Path Option Reoptimization Methods for Configuring RSVP-TE Tunnels Tracking Resources for MPLS Traffic Engineering Starting Admission Control Admission Control Interface Table Configuring Traffic-Engineering Resources LSP Preemption Topology-Driven LSPs LDP over RSVP-TE LDP Graceful Restart LDP-IGP Synchronization Synchronization Behavior During Graceful Restart Synchronization Behavior on LAN Interfaces Synchronization Behavior on IGP Passive Interfaces Synchronization and TE Metrics Determining Peer Reachability with RSVP-TE Hello Messages Hello Message Objects Hello Message Instances Sequence of Hello Message Exchange Determination That a Peer Has Reset Behavior of the Requesting Peer Behavior of the Acknowledging Peer Behavior of Both Peers RSVP-TE Graceful Restart Announcement of the Graceful Restart Capability Restarting Behavior Recovery Behavior Preservation of an Established LSP Label RSVP-TE Hellos Based on Node IDs BFD Protocol and RSVP-TE Point-to-Multipoint LSPs Overview Using E-Series Routers as Egress LSRs Point-to-Multipoint LSPs Configuration Configuring an E-Series Router as an Egress Router Configuring MPLS Basic MPLS Configuration Tasks MPLS Global Configuration Tasks MPLS Global Tasks LDP Global Tasks RSVP-TE Global Tasks LDP and RSVP-TE Interface Profile Configuration Tasks LDP Interface Profile Configuration Tasks and Command RSVP-TE Interface Profile Configuration Tasks and Commands MPLS Interface Configuration Tasks MPLS Interface Tasks LDP Interface Tasks RSVP-TE Interface Tasks MPLS Tunnel Configuration Tasks MPLS Tunnel Profile Configuration Tasks Configuring Explicit Routing for MPLS Defining Configured Explicit Paths Specifying Configured Explicit Paths on a Tunnel Configuring Dynamic Explicit Paths on a Tunnel Additional LDP Configuration Tasks Configuring LDP FEC Deaggregation Configuring LDP Graceful Restart Configuring LDP Autoconfiguration Configuring LDP-IGP Synchronization Configuring LDP MD5 Authentication Controlling LDP Label Distribution Additional RSVP-TE Configuration Tasks Configuring RSVP MD5 Authentication Configuring RSVP-TE Fast Rerouting with RSVP-TE Bypass Tunnels Configuration Example Fast Reroute over SONET/SDH Configuring RSVP-TE Hello Messages to Determine Peer Reachability Configuring RSVP-TE Graceful Restart Configuring RSVP-TE Hellos Based on Node IDs Configuring the BFD Protocol for RSVP-TE Configuring IGPs and MPLS Configuring the IGPs for Traffic Engineering Monitoring Traffic Engineering Configuring MPLS and Differentiated Services Configuring the Tunneling Model for Differentiated Services Pipe and Short Pipe Models Uniform Model Configuring EXP Bits for Differentiated Services Incoming Traffic Outgoing Traffic Setting the EXP Bits for Outgoing Traffic Example Differentiated Services Application and Configuration Differentiated Services Configuration Example Classifying Traffic for Differentiated Services Configuring Static EXP-to-PHB Mapping Signaled Mapping for RSVP-TE Tunnels Preference of per-VR Versus per-LSP Behavior Example Traffic Class Configuration for Differentiated Services Configuration on the Ingress Router Configuration on the Ingress and Transit Routers Configuration on the Transit and Egress Routers Monitoring MPLS Setting the Baseline for MPLS Statistics Setting a Baseline for MPLS Major Interface Statistics Enabling and Setting a Baseline for MPLS Forwarding Table Statistics Enabling and Setting a Baseline for MPLS Next-Hop Table Statistics Setting a Baseline for MPLS Tunnel Statistics Enabling Statistics Collection for Policies Attached to MPLS Tunnels Clearing and Re-Creating Dynamic Interfaces from MPLS Major Interfaces Clearing and Refreshing IPv4 Dynamic Routes in the Tunnel Routing Table Clearing and Refreshing IPv6 Dynamic Routes in the Tunnel Routing Table Tracing Paths Through the MPLS User Plane Monitoring ATM VCs and VPI/VCI Ranges Used for MPLS Monitoring Global Call Admission Control Configuration Monitoring Interfaces Configured with Traffic Engineering Bandwidth Accounting Monitoring Virtual Router Configuration Monitoring IP and IPv6 Tunnel Routing Tables Monitoring LDP Monitoring MPLS Label Bindings Monitoring LDP Graceful Restart Monitoring Interfaces That are Synchronizing with LDP Monitoring LDP Interfaces Monitoring LDP Neighbors Monitoring LDP Profiles Monitoring LDP Statistics Monitoring LDP Targeted Hello Receive and Send Lists Monitoring MPLS Status and Configuration Monitoring MPLS Explicit Paths Monitoring the RSVP-TE Bypass Tunnels Monitoring MPLS Labels Used for Forwarding Monitoring MPLS Interfaces Monitoring MPLS Minor Interfaces Monitoring MPLS Next Hops Monitoring the Configured Mapping between PHB IDs and Traffic Class/Color Combinations Monitoring RSVP-TE Profiles and MPLS Tunnel Profiles Monitoring RSVP Path State Control Blocks, Reservation State Control Blocks, or Sessions Monitoring RSVP MD5 Authentication Monitoring RSVP-TE Interfaces Where BFD is Enabled Monitoring RSVP-TE Interface Counters Monitoring RSVP-TE Graceful Restart Monitoring RSVP-TE Hello Adjacency Instances Monitoring Status and Configuration for MPLS Tunnels Verifying and Troubleshooting MPLS Connectivity MPLS Connectivity and ECMP Supported TLVs Packet Flow Examples for Verifying MPLS Connectivity Packet Flow Examples for MPLS LSPs to an IP Prefix Packet Flow Example for the ping mpls Command Packet Flow Example for the trace mpls Command Packet Flows for ping and trace to L3VPN IPv4 Prefixes Inter-AS Topology Packet Flows to L3VPN IPv6 Prefixes Configuring BGP-MPLS Applications Overview Address Families Equal-Cost Multipath Support BGP/MPLS VPN Components VPN-IPv4 Addresses Route Targets Distribution of Routes and Labels with BGP Platform Considerations References Transporting Packets Across an IP Backbone with MPLS Configuring IPv6 VPNs Intra-AS IPv6 VPNs BGP Control Plane Behavior CE–PE Behavior PE–PE Behavior MPLS Data Plane Behavior Providing IPv4 VPN Services Across Multiple Autonomous Systems Inter-AS Option A Inter-AS Option B Inter-AS Option C Inter-AS Option C with Route Reflectors Providing IPv6 VPN Services Across Multiple Autonomous Systems Using Route Targets to Configure VPN Topologies Full-Mesh VPNs Hub-and-Spoke VPNs Overlapping VPNs Constraining Route Distribution with Route-Target Filtering Exchanging Route-Target Membership Information Receiving and Sending RT-MEM-NLRI Routing Updates Conditions for Advertising RT-MEM-NLRI Routes Advertising a Default Route Route Selection When Route-Target Filtering Is Enabled Configuring Route-Target Filtering Multicast Services over VPNs Configuring BGP VPN Services VRF Configuration Tasks PE Router Configuration Tasks Creating a VRF Specifying a Route Distinguisher Defining Route Targets for VRFs Setting Import and Export Maps for a VRF Characteristics of Import and Global Import Maps Characteristics of Export and Global Export Maps Subsequent Distribution of Routes Creating a Map Export Maps Global Export Maps Import Maps Global Import Maps Global Export of IPv6 VPN Routes into the Global BGP IPv6 RIB Assigning an Interface to a VRF Defining Secondary Routing Table Lookup Adding Static Routes to a VRF Configuring IGPs on the VRF Configuring the IGP in the VRF Context Configuring the IGP Outside the VRF Context Disabling Automatic Route-Target Filtering Creating Labels per FEC Configuring PE-to-PE LSPs Enabling BGP Routing Enabling BGP ECMP for BGP/MPLS VPNs Enabling VPN Address Exchange Configuring PE-to-CE BGP Sessions Advertising Static Routes to Customers Advertising IGP Routes to Customers Disabling the Default Address Family Using a Single AS Number for All CE Sites Preventing Routing Loops Advertising Prefixes with Duplicate AS Numbers Controlling Route Importation Deleting Routes for a VRF Enabling VRF–to–VR Peering Achieving Fast Reconvergence in VPN Networks Fast Reconvergence with Unique RDs Fast Reconvergence by Means of Reachability Checking Configuring BGP to Send Labeled and Unlabeled Unicast Routes BGP Next-Hop-Self BGP Processing of Received Routes Labeled Unicast Routes Unlabeled Unicast Routes Resolving IPv6 Indirect Next Hops Labeled VPN Routes BGP Advertising Rules for Labeled and Unlabeled Routes with the Same AFI Providing Internet Access to and from VPNs Enabling Traffic Flow from the VPN to the Internet Problems Solutions Configuring a Default Route to a Shared Interface Configuring a Fallback Global Option Configuring a Global Import Map for Specific Routes Creating a BGP Session Between the CE Router and the Parent VR Enabling Traffic Flow from the Internet to the VPN Static Routes to a Shared IP Interface Global Export Map Carrier-of-Carriers IPv4 VPNs Customer Carrier as an Internet Service Provider Configuration Steps Customer Carrier as a VPN Service Provider Configuration Steps Enabling Carrier-of-Carriers Support on a VRF Carrier-of-Carriers Using BGP as the Label Distribution Protocol Carrier-of-Carriers IPv6 VPNs Connecting IPv6 Islands Across IPv4 Clouds with BGP Connecting IPv6 Islands Across Multiple IPv4 Domains Configuring IPv6 Tunneling over IPv4 MPLS OSPF and BGP/MPLS VPNs Distributing OSPF Routes from CE Router to PE Router Distributing Routes Between PE Routers Preserving OSPF Routing Information Across the MPLS/VPN Backbone OSPF Domain Identifier Attribute OSPF Route Type Attribute Distributing OSPF Routes from PE Router to CE Router Preventing Routing Loops Using Remote Neighbors to Configure OSPF Sham Links OSPF Backdoor Links OSPF Sham Links Configuration Tasks Configuring VPLS Configuring L2VPNs Monitoring BGP/MPLS VPNs Layer 2 Services over MPLS Overview Layer 2 Services over MPLS Overview Layer 2 Services over MPLS Platform Considerations Module Requirements Interface Specifiers Layer 2 Services over MPLS References Layer 2 Services over MPLS Implementation Local Cross-Connects Between Layer 2 Interfaces Using MPLS MPLS Shim Interfaces for Layer 2 Services over MPLS Multiple Layer 2 Services over MPLS ATM Layer 2 Services over MPLS AAL5 Encapsulation OAM Cells QoS Classification Limitations Control Word Support VCC Cell Relay Encapsulation AAL0 Raw Cell Mode Cell Concatenation Parameters Cell Concatenation and Latency Control Word Support Unsupported Features HDLC Layer 2 Services over MPLS Interface Stacking Encapsulation Control Word Support Local Cross-Connects Configuring Layer 2 Services over MPLS Before You Configure Layer 2 Services over MPLS Configuring Frame Relay Layer 2 Services Configuring Interoperation with Legacy Frame Relay Layer 2 Services Configuring Ethernet/VLAN Layer 2 Services Configuring S-VLAN Tunnels for Layer 2 Services Configuring Local Cross-Connects Between Ethernet/VLAN Interfaces Configuring Local ATM Cross-Connects with AAL5 Encapsulation Configuring an MPLS Pseudowire with VCC Cell Relay Encapsulation Configuring HDLC Layer 2 Services Configuring Local Cross-Connects for HDLC Layer 2 Services Configuring CE-Side Load Balancing for Martini Layer 2 Transport Configuring Many Shim Interfaces with the Same Peer, VC Type, and VC ID Configuring Load-Balancing Groups MPLS Interfaces and Labels Configuring Load-Balancing Groups Adding a Member Interface to a Group Circuit Removing Member Subinterfaces from a Circuit Frame Relay over MPLS Configuration Example Monitoring Layer 2 Services over MPLS Setting Baselines for Layer 2 Services over MPLS Statistics Monitoring ATM Martini Cell Packing Timers for Layer 2 Services over MPLS Monitoring ATM Subinterfaces for Layer 2 Services over MPLS Monitoring ATM Cross-Connects for Layer 2 Services over MPLS Monitoring MPLS Forwarding for Layer 2 Services over MPLS Monitoring MPLS Layer 2 Interfaces for Layer 2 Services over MPLS VPLS Overview VPLS Overview VPLS Components VPLS Domains Customer Edge Devices VPLS Edge Devices VPLS and Transparent Bridging BGP Signaling for VPLS LDP Signaling for VPLS Targeted Sessions PWid FEC Element TLV BGP Multihoming for VPLS Selecting the Designated VE Device for a Multihomed Site Multihoming Reaction to Failures in the Network VPLS Supported Features VPLS Platform Considerations Module Requirements Interface Specifiers VPLS References Configuring VPLS Before You Configure VPLS Configuration Tasks for VPLS with BGP Signaling Configuring VPLS Instances with BGP Signaling Configuring BGP Multihoming for VPLS Configuring Optional Attributes for VPLS Instances Configuring VPLS Network Interfaces Configuring Subscriber Policies for VPLS Network Interfaces Network Interface Types Default Subscriber Policies Modifying Subscriber Policies Considerations for VPLS Network Interfaces Configuring the Loopback Interface and Router ID for VPLS Configuring MPLS LSPs for VPLS Configuring BGP Signaling for VPLS VPLS Configuration Example with BGP Signaling Topology Overview of VPLS with BGP Signaling Configuration on PE 1 (Local PE Router) Configuration on PE 2 (Remote PE Router) Configuration Tasks for VPLS with LDP Signaling Configuring VPLS Instances with LDP Signaling Configuring LDP Signaling for VPLS Configuring Routing in the Core Network for VPLS VPLS Configuration Example with LDP Signaling Topology Overview of VPLS with LDP Signaling Configuration on PE 1 (Local PE Router) Configuration on PE 2 (Remote PE Router) Monitoring VPLS Setting a Baseline for VPLS Statistics Setting a Baseline for a VPLS Instance Setting a Baseline for a Network Interface Associated with a VPLS Instance Setting a Baseline for the VPLS Virtual Core Interface Associated with a VPLS Instance Clearing Dynamic MAC Addresses from the VPLS Forwarding Table Clearing All Dynamic MAC Addresses from the VPLS Forwarding Table Clearing a Specific Dynamic MAC Address from the VPLS Forwarding Table Clearing All Dynamic MAC Addresses for a Network Interface Associated with a VPLS Instance from the VPLS Forwarding Table Clearing All Dynamic MAC Addresses for the VPLS Virtual Core Interface Associated with A VPLS Instance Clearing BGP Attributes for VPLS Clearing BGP Reachability Information for the L2VPN Address Family Clearing BGP Route Flap Dampening Information for the L2VPN Address Family Clearing BGP Route Flap Dampening Information for the VPWS Address Family Clearing the Wait for the End-of-RIB Marker for the L2VPN Address Family Monitoring Bridging-Related Settings for VPLS Monitoring VPLS Configuration and Statistics for a Specific VPLS Instance Monitoring VPLS Configuration and Statistics for all VPLS Instances Monitoring Configuration, Statistics, and Status for VPLS Network Interfaces Monitoring Configuration, Statistics, and Status for VPLS Core Interfaces Monitoring Configuration, Statistics, and Status for VPLS Ports Monitoring MAC Address Entries for a Specific VPLS Instance Monitoring Subscriber Policy Rules Monitoring BGP-Related Settings for VPLS Monitoring Layer 2 NLRI for VPLS Instances Monitoring BGP Next Hops for VPLS Monitoring LDP-Related Settings for VPLS Monitoring MPLS-Related Settings for VPLS Monitoring VPLS-Specific Settings VPWS Overview VPWS Overview BGP Signaling for L2VPNs VPWS Components VPWS Instances Customer Edge Devices VPWS Provider Edge Devices VPWS and BGP/MPLS VPNs BGP Multihoming for VPWS Selecting the Designated VE Device for a Multihomed Site Multihoming Reaction to Failures in the Network VPWS Supported Features VPWS Platform Considerations Module Requirements Interface Specifiers VPWS References Configuring VPWS Before You Configure VPWS VPWS Configuration Tasks Configuring a VPWS Instance Configuring BGP Multihoming for VPWS Configuring Customer-Facing Interfaces in the VPWS Instance Configuring a Local Cross-Connect for VPWS Configuring the Loopback Interface and Router ID for BGP for VPWS Configuring BGP Signaling for VPWS Configuring MPLS LSPs for VPWS VPWS Configuration Example Topology Overview Configuration on PE 1 (Local PE Router) Configuration on PE 2 (Remote PE Router) Monitoring VPWS Clearing BGP Attributes for VPWS Clearing BGP Reachability Information for the L2VPN Address Family Clearing BGP Route Flap Dampening Information for the L2VPN Address Family Clearing the Wait for the End-of-RIB Marker for the L2VPN Address Family Monitoring BGP-Related Settings for VPWS L2VPNs Monitoring BGP Next Hops for VPWS L2VPNs Monitoring VPWS Connections Monitoring VPWS Instances Monitoring L2VPN Interfaces for VPWS Monitoring MPLS Forwarding Table for VPWS Index Index