JUNOSe 9.1.x BGP and MPLS Configuration Guide > Table of Contents
Table of Contents
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About This Guide
- Objectives
- Audience
- E-series Routers
- Documentation Conventions
- Related E-series and JUNOSe Documentation
- E-series and JUNOSe Documents
- JUNOSe Configuration Guides
- Obtaining Documentation
- Documentation Feedback
- Requesting Technical Support
- Self-Help Online Tools and Resources
- Opening a Case with JTAC
-
Configuring BGP Routing
- Overview
- Conventions in This Chapter
- Autonomous Systems
- BGP Speaker
- BGP Peers and Neighbors
- BGP Session
- IBGP and EBGP
- Interior Gateway Protocols
- BGP Messages
- BGP Route
- Routing Information Base
- Prefixes and CIDR
- Path Attributes
- Transit and Nontransit Service
- IPv6 BGP Support
- Exchange of IPv6 Routing Information over TCP IPv4
- Exchange of IPv6 Routing Information over TCP IPv6
- Link-Local Next Hops in MP-BGP Packets
- Platform Considerations
- References
- Features
- Before You Configure BGP
- Configuration Tasks
- Basic Configuration
- Enabling BGP Routing
- Understanding BGP Command Scope
- Inheritance of Configuration Values
- Limitations on Inheritance
- Setting the BGP Identifier
- Configuring Neighbors
- Configuring BGP Peer Groups
- Setting the Peer Type
- Assigning a Description
- Logging Neighbor State Changes
- Specifying a Source Address for a BGP Session
- Specifying Peers That Are Not Directly Connected
- Specifying a Single-Hop Connection for IBGP Peers
- Controlling the Number of Prefixes
- Removing Private AS Numbers from Updates
- Checking AS Path Length
- Enabling MD5 Authentication on a TCP Connection
- Setting the Maximum Size of Update Messages
- Setting Automatic Fallover
- Setting Timers
- Automatic Summarization of Routes
- Administrative Shutdown
- Configuring BGP for Overload Conditions
- Enabling Route Storage in Adj-RIBs-Out Tables
- Effects of Changing Outbound Policies
- Configuring the Address Family
- Enabling Lenient Behavior
- Configuring Promiscuous Peers and Dynamic Peering
- Configuring Passive Peers
- Advertising Routes
- Prefixes Originating in an AS
- Advertising Best Routes
- Redistributing Routes into BGP
- Redistributing Routes from BGP
- Configuring a Default Route
- Advertising Default Routes
- Redistributing Default Routes
- Setting a Static Default Route
- Setting the Minimum Interval Between Routing Updates
- Aggregating Routes
- Advertising Inactive Routes
- Verifying an AS Path
- Advertising IPv4 Routes Between IPv6 BGP Peers
- Advertising Routes Conditionally
- Advertising a Route Only When Another Route is Present
- Advertising a Route Only When Another Route is Absent
- Advertising a Default Route Only When Another Route Is Present
- Configuring BGP Routing Policy
- Types of BGP Route Maps
- Applying Table Maps
- Access Lists
- Filtering Prefixes
- Filtering AS Paths with a Filter List
- Filtering AS Paths with a Route Map
- Configuring the Community Attribute
- Community Lists
- Resetting a BGP Connection
- Changing Policies Without Disruption
- Soft Reconfiguration
- Route-Refresh Capability
- Cooperative Route Filtering
- Configuring Route Flap Dampening
- Global Route Flap Dampening
- Policy-Based Route Flap Dampening
- Policy Testing
- Selecting the Best Path
- BGP Path Decision Algorithm
- Configuring Next-Hop Processing
- Next Hops
- Next-Hop-Self
- Assigning a Weight to a Route
- Using the neighbor weight Command
- Using a Route Map
- Using an AS-Path Access List
- Configuring the Local-Pref Attribute
- Using the bgp default local-preference Command
- Using a Route Map to Set the Local Preference
- Understanding the Origin Attribute
- Understanding the AS-Path Attribute
- Configuring a Local AS
- Configuring the MED Attribute
- Missing MED Values
- Comparing MED Values Within a Confederation
- Capability Negotiation
- Cooperative Route Filtering
- Dynamic Capability Negotiation
- Four-Octet AS Numbers
- Graceful Restarts
- Route Refresh
- Interactions Between BGP and IGPs
- Synchronizing BGP with IGPs
- Disabling Synchronization
- Setting the Administrative Distance for a Route
- Configuring Backdoor Routes
- Setting the Maximum Number of Equal-Cost Multipaths
- Detecting Peer Reachability with BFD
- BFD and BGP Graceful Restart
- Managing a Large-Scale AS
- Configuring a Confederation
- Configuring Route Reflectors
- Route Reflection and Redundancy
- Route Reflection and Looping
- Configuring BGP Multicasting
- Monitoring BGP Multicast Services
- Using BGP Routes for Other Protocols
- Configuring BGP/MPLS VPNs
- Testing BGP Policies
- Monitoring BGP
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Configuring MPLS
- Overview
- Conventions in This Chapter
- MPLS Terms and Acronyms
- Features
- Platform Considerations
- References
- How MPLS Works
- IP Routing
- Label Switching
- Label-Switching Routers
- Label Switching and Popping
- Label Stacking
- Labels
- TTL Processing in the Platform Label Space
- TTL Processing on Incoming MPLS Packets
- TTL Processing on Outgoing MPLS Packets
- MPLS Rules for TTL Expiration
- Label Distribution Methodology
- Mapping Data
- IP Statistics
- MPLS Forwarding and Next-Hop Tables
- Spoof Checking
- IP and IPv6 Tunnel Routing Tables
- MPLS Interfaces and Interface Stacking
- MPLS Major Interfaces
- MPLS Minor Interfaces
- MPLS Shim Interfaces
- Interface Stacking
- Label Distribution Protocols
- LDP Messages and Sessions
- RSVP-TE Messages and Sessions
- RSVP-TE State Refresh and Reliability
- BGP Signaling
- ECMP
- LDP Discovery Mechanisms
- Basic Discovery Mechanism
- Extended Discovery Mechanism
- Traffic Engineering
- LSP Backup
- Path Option
- Reoptimization
- Configuring Tunnels
- Tracking Resources for Traffic Engineering
- Starting Admission Control
- Admission Control Interface Table
- Configuring Traffic-Engineering Resources
- Monitoring Resources
- LSP Preemption
- Topology-Driven LSPs
- LDP over RSVP-TE
- Configuration Tasks
- Global Configuration Tasks
- MPLS Tasks and Commands
- LDP Tasks and Commands
- RSVP-TE Tasks and Commands
- BGP Tasks
- LDP Interface Profile Configuration Tasks and Command
- RSVP Interface Profile Configuration Tasks and Commands
- Interface Configuration Tasks
- MPLS Tasks and Commands
- LDP Tasks and Command
- RSVP-TE Tasks and Commands
- Tunnel Configuration Tasks
- Tunnel Profile Configuration Tasks
- Explicit Routing
- Defining Configured Explicit Paths
- Specifying Configured Explicit Paths on a Tunnel
- Configuring Dynamic Explicit Paths on a Tunnel
- Monitoring Explicit Paths
- Configuring LDP FEC Deaggregation
- Configuring LDP Graceful Restart
- Configuring LDP Autoconfiguration
- Configuring LDP-IGP Synchronization
- Synchronization Behavior During Graceful Restart
- Synchronization Behavior on LAN Interfaces
- Synchronization Behavior on IGP Passive Interfaces
- Synchronization and TE Metrics
- Configuring LDP MD5 Authentication
- Configuring RSVP MD5 Authentication
- Failure Protection with RSVP-TE Bypass Tunnels
- Configuration Example
- Fast Reroute over SONET/SDH
- Determining Peer Reachability with RSVP-TE Hello Messages
- Hello Message Objects
- Hello Message Instances
- Sequence of Hello Message Exchange
- Determination That a Peer Has Reset
- Behavior of the Requesting Peer
- Behavior of the Acknowledging Peer
- Behavior of Both Peers
- RSVP-TE Graceful Restart
- Announcement of the Graceful Restart Capability
- Restarting Behavior
- Recovery Behavior
- Preservation of an Established LSP Label
- Using RSVP-TE Hellos Based on Node IDs
- Configuring the BFD Protocol for RSVP-TE
- Verifying and Troubleshooting MPLS Connectivity
- MPLS Echo Reply Generation
- MPLS Connectivity and ECMP
- Supported TLVs
- Sample Network Topology
- MPLS LSPs to an IP prefix
- Packet Flow Example for the ping mpls Command
- Packet Flow Example for the trace mpls Command
- Packet Flows for ping and trace to L3VPN IPv4 Prefixes
- Inter-AS Topology
- Packet Flows to L3VPN IPv6 Prefixes
- Configuring IGPs and MPLS
- Configuring the IGPs for Traffic Engineering
- Monitoring Traffic Engineering
- MPLS and Differentiated Services
- Tunneling Models for Differentiated Services
- Pipe and Short Pipe Models
- Uniform Model
- EXP Bits and Differentiated Services
- Incoming Traffic
- Outgoing Traffic
- Setting the EXP Bits for Outgoing Traffic
- Example Differentiated Services Application
- Configuration Example
- Classifying Traffic for Differentiated Services
- Configured Mapping
- Signaled Mapping for RSVP-TE Tunnels
- Preference of per-VR Versus per-LSP Behavior
- Example Configuration
- Configuration on the Ingress Router
- Configuration on the Ingress and Transit Routers
- Configuration on the Transit and Egress Routers
- Monitoring MPLS
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Configuring BGP-MPLS Applications
- Overview
- Address Families
- Equal-Cost Multipath Support
- BGP/MPLS VPN Components
- VPN-IPv4 Addresses
- Route Targets
- Distribution of Routes and Labels with BGP
- Platform Considerations
- References
- Transporting Packets Across an IP Backbone with MPLS
- Configuring IPv6 VPNs
- Intra-AS IPv6 VPNs
- BGP Control Plane Behavior
- CE–PE Behavior
- PE–PE Behavior
- MPLS Data Plane Behavior
- Providing IPv4 VPN Services Across Multiple Autonomous Systems
- Inter-AS Option A
- Inter-AS Option B
- Inter-AS Option C
- Inter-AS Option C with Route Reflectors
- Providing IPv6 VPN Services Across Multiple Autonomous Systems
- Using Route Targets to Configure VPN Topologies
- Full-Mesh VPNs
- Hub-and-Spoke VPNs
- Overlapping VPNs
- Constraining Route Distribution with Route-Target Filtering
- Exchanging Route-Target Membership Information
- Receiving and Sending RT-MEM-NLRI Routing Updates
- Conditions for Advertising RT-MEM-NLRI Routes
- Advertising a Default Route
- Route Selection When Route-Target Filtering Is Enabled
- Configuring Route-Target Filtering
- Multicast Services over VPNs
- Configuring BGP VPN Services
- VRF Configuration Tasks
- PE Router Configuration Tasks
- Creating a VRF
- Specifying a Route Distinguisher
- Defining Route Targets for VRFs
- Setting Import and Export Maps for a VRF
- Characteristics of Import and Global Import Maps
- Characteristics of Export and Global Export Maps
- Subsequent Distribution of Routes
- Creating a Map
- Export Maps
- Global Export Maps
- Import Maps
- Global Import Maps
- Global Export of IPv6 VPN Routes into the Global BGP IPv6 RIB
- Assigning an Interface to a VRF
- Defining Secondary Routing Table Lookup
- Adding Static Routes to a VRF
- Configuring IGPs on the VRF
- Configuring the IGP in the VRF Context
- Configuring the IGP Outside the VRF Context
- Disabling Automatic Route-Target Filtering
- Creating Labels per FEC
- Configuring PE-to-PE LSPs
- Enabling BGP Routing
- Enabling BGP ECMP for BGP/MPLS VPNs
- Enabling VPN Address Exchange
- Configuring PE-to-CE BGP Sessions
- Advertising Static Routes to Customers
- Advertising IGP Routes to Customers
- Disabling the Default Address Family
- Using a Single AS Number for All CE Sites
- Preventing Routing Loops
- Advertising Prefixes with Duplicate AS Numbers
- Controlling Route Importation
- Deleting Routes for a VRF
- Enabling VRF–to–VR Peering
- Achieving Fast Reconvergence in VPN Networks
- Fast Reconvergence with Unique RDs
- Fast Reconvergence by Means of Reachability Checking
- Configuring BGP to Send Labeled and Unlabeled Unicast Routes
- BGP Next-Hop-Self
- BGP Processing of Received Routes
- Labeled Unicast Routes
- Unlabeled Unicast Routes
- Resolving IPv6 Indirect Next Hops
- Labeled VPN Routes
- BGP Advertising Rules for Labeled and Unlabeled Routes with the Same AFI
- Providing Internet Access to and from VPNs
- Enabling Traffic Flow from the VPN to the Internet
- Problems
- Solutions
- Configuring a Default Route to a Shared Interface
- Configuring a Fallback Global Option
- Configuring a Global Import Map for Specific Routes
- Creating a BGP Session Between the CE Router and the Parent VR
- Enabling Traffic Flow from the Internet to the VPN
- Static Routes to a Shared IP Interface
- Global Export Map
- Carrier-of-Carriers IPv4 VPNs
- Customer Carrier as an Internet Service Provider
- Configuration Steps
- Customer Carrier as a VPN Service Provider
- Configuration Steps
- Enabling Carrier-of-Carriers Support on a VRF
- Carrier-of-Carriers Using BGP as the Label Distribution Protocol
- Carrier-of-Carriers IPv6 VPNs
- Connecting IPv6 Islands Across IPv4 Clouds with BGP
- Connecting IPv6 Islands Across Multiple IPv4 Domains
- Configuring IPv6 Tunneling over IPv4 MPLS
- OSPF and BGP/MPLS VPNs
- Distributing OSPF Routes from CE Router to PE Router
- Distributing Routes Between PE Routers
- Preserving OSPF Routing Information Across the MPLS/VPN Backbone
- OSPF Domain Identifier Attribute
- OSPF Route Type Attribute
- Distributing OSPF Routes from PE Router to CE Router
- Preventing Routing Loops
- Using Remote Neighbors to Configure OSPF Sham Links
- OSPF Backdoor Links
- OSPF Sham Links
- Configuration Tasks
- Configuring VPLS
- Configuring L2VPNs
- Monitoring BGP/MPLS VPNs
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Layer 2 Services over MPLS Overview
- Layer 2 Services over MPLS Overview
- Layer 2 Services over MPLS Platform Considerations
- Module Requirements
- Interface Specifiers
- Layer 2 Services over MPLS References
- Layer 2 Services over MPLS Implementation
- Local Cross-Connects Between Layer 2 Interfaces Using MPLS
- MPLS Shim Interfaces for Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- Multiple Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- ATM Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- AAL5 Encapsulation
- OAM Cells
- QoS Classification
- Limitations
- Control Word Support
- VCC Cell Relay Encapsulation
- AAL0 Raw Cell Mode
- Cell Concatenation Parameters
- Cell Concatenation and Latency
- Control Word Support
- Unsupported Features
- HDLC Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- Interface Stacking
- Encapsulation
- Control Word Support
- Local Cross-Connects
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Configuring Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- Before You Configure Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- Configuring Frame Relay Layer 2 Services
- Configuring Interoperation with Legacy Frame Relay Layer 2 Services
- Configuring Ethernet/VLAN Layer 2 Services
- Configuring S-VLAN Tunnels for Layer 2 Services
- Configuring Local Cross-Connects Between Ethernet/VLAN Interfaces
- Configuring Local ATM Cross-Connects with AAL5 Encapsulation
- Configuring an MPLS Pseudowire with VCC Cell Relay Encapsulation
- Configuring HDLC Layer 2 Services
- Configuring Local Cross-Connects for HDLC Layer 2 Services
- Configuring CE-Side Load Balancing for Martini Layer 2 Transport
- Configuring Many Shim Interfaces with the Same Peer, VC Type, and VC ID
- Configuring Load-Balancing Groups
- MPLS Interfaces and Labels
- Configuring Load-Balancing Groups
- Adding a Member Interface to a Group Circuit
- Removing Member Subinterfaces from a Circuit
- Frame Relay over MPLS Configuration Example
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Monitoring Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- Setting Baselines for Layer 2 Services over MPLS Statistics
- Monitoring ATM Martini Cell Packing Timers for Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- Monitoring ATM Subinterfaces for Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- Monitoring ATM Cross-Connects for Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- Monitoring MPLS Forwarding for Layer 2 Services over MPLS
- Monitoring MPLS Layer 2 Interfaces for Layer 2 Services over MPLS
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VPLS Overview
- VPLS Overview
- VPLS Components
- VPLS Domains
- Customer Edge Devices
- VPLS Edge Devices
- VPLS and Transparent Bridging
- BGP Signaling for VPLS
- LDP Signaling for VPLS
- Targeted Sessions
- PWid FEC Element TLV
- VPLS Supported Features
- VPLS Platform Considerations
- Module Requirements
- Interface Specifiers
- VPLS References
-
Configuring VPLS
- Before You Configure VPLS
- Configuration Tasks for VPLS with BGP Signaling
- Configuring VPLS Instances with BGP Signaling
- Configuring Optional Attributes for VPLS Instances
- Configuring VPLS Network Interfaces
- Configuring Subscriber Policies for VPLS Network Interfaces
- Network Interface Types
- Default Subscriber Policies
- Modifying Subscriber Policies
- Considerations for VPLS Network Interfaces
- Configuring the Loopback Interface and Router ID for VPLS
- Configuring MPLS LSPs for VPLS
- Configuring BGP Signaling for VPLS
- VPLS Configuration Example with BGP Signaling
- Topology Overview of VPLS with BGP Signaling
- Configuration on VE 1 (Local VE Router)
- Configuration on VE 2 (Remote VE Router)
- Configuration Tasks for VPLS with LDP Signaling
- Configuring VPLS Instances with LDP Signaling
- Configuring LDP Signaling for VPLS
- Configuring Routing in the Core Network for VPLS
- VPLS Configuration Example with LDP Signaling
- Topology Overview of VPLS with LDP Signaling
- Configuration on VE 1 (Local VE Router)
- Configuration on VE 2 (Remote VE Router)
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Monitoring VPLS
- Setting a Baseline for VPLS Statistics
- Setting a Baseline for a VPLS Instance
- Setting a Baseline for a Network Interface Associated with a VPLS Instance
- Setting a Baseline for the VPLS Virtual Core Interface Associated with a VPLS Instance
- Clearing Dynamic MAC Addresses from the VPLS Forwarding Table
- Clearing All Dynamic MAC Addresses from the VPLS Forwarding Table
- Clearing a Specific Dynamic MAC Address from the VPLS Forwarding Table
- Clearing All Dynamic MAC Addresses for a Network Interface Associated with a VPLS Instance from the VPLS Forwarding Table
- Clearing All Dynamic MAC Addresses for the VPLS Virtual Core Interface Associated with A VPLS Instance
- Clearing BGP Attributes for VPLS
- Clearing BGP Reachability Information for the L2VPN Address Family
- Clearing BGP Route Flap Dampening Information for the L2VPN Address Family
- Clearing BGP Route Flap Dampening Information for the VPWS Address Family
- Clearing the Wait for the End-of-RIB Marker for the L2VPN Address Family
- Monitoring Bridging-Related Settings for VPLS
- Monitoring VPLS Configuration and Statistics for a Specific VPLS Instance
- Monitoring VPLS Configuration and Statistics for all VPLS Instances
- Monitoring Configuration, Statistics, and Status for VPLS Network Interfaces
- Monitoring Configuration, Statistics, and Status for VPLS Core Interfaces
- Monitoring Configuration, Statistics, and Status for VPLS Ports
- Monitoring MAC Address Entries for a Specific VPLS Instance
- Monitoring Subscriber Policy Rules
- Monitoring BGP-Related Settings for VPLS
- Monitoring Layer 2 NLRI for VPLS Instances
- Monitoring BGP Next Hops for VPLS
- Monitoring LDP-Related Settings for VPLS
- Monitoring MPLS-Related Settings for VPLS
- Monitoring VPLS-Specific Settings
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L2VPNs Overview
- L2VPN Overview
- BGP Signaling for L2VPNs
- L2VPN Components
- L2VPN Instances
- Customer Edge Devices
- L2VPN Provider Edge Devices
- L2VPNs and BGP/MPLS VPNs
- L2VPN Supported Features
- L2VPN Platform Considerations
- Module Requirements
- Interface Specifiers
- L2VPN References
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Configuring L2VPNs
- Before You Configure L2VPNs
- L2VPN Configuration Tasks
- Configuring an L2VPN Instance
- Configuring Customer-Facing Interfaces in the L2VPN Instance
- Configuring a Local Cross-Connect for L2VPNs
- Configuring the Loopback Interface and Router ID for BGP for L2VPNs
- Configuring BGP Signaling for L2VPNs
- Configuring MPLS LSPs for L2VPNs
- L2VPN Configuration Example
- Topology Overview
- Configuration on PE 1 (Local PE Router)
- Configuration on PE 2 (Remote PE Router)
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Monitoring L2VPNs
- Clearing BGP Attributes for L2VPNs
- Clearing BGP Reachability Information for the L2VPN Address Family
- Clearing BGP Route Flap Dampening Information for the L2VPN Address Family
- Clearing BGP Route Flap Dampening Information for the VPWS Address Family
- Clearing the Wait for the End-of-RIB Marker for the L2VPN Address Family
- Monitoring BGP-Related Settings for L2VPNs
- Monitoring BGP Next Hops for L2VPNs
- Monitoring L2VPN Connections
- Monitoring L2VPN Instances
- Monitoring L2VPN Interfaces
- Monitoring MPLS Forwarding State for L2VPN (VPWS) Instances
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Index