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^
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Matches the beginning of the input string.
Alternatively, when used as the first character within brackets—[^ ]—matches
any number except the ones specified within the brackets.
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$
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Matches the end of the input string.
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.
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Matches any single character, including white space.
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*
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Matches 0 or more sequences of the immediately previous character
or pattern.
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+
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Matches 1 or more sequences of the immediately previous character
or pattern.
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?
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Matches 0 or 1 sequence of the immediately previous character
or pattern.
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()
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Specifies patterns for multiple use when followed by one of
the multiplier metacharacters: asterisk *, plus sign +, or question
mark ?
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[ ]
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Matches any enclosed character; specifies a range of single
characters.
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– (hyphen)
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Used within brackets to specify a range of AS or community numbers.
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_ (underscore)
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Matches a ^, a $, a comma, a space, a {, or a }. Placed on either
side of a string to specify a literal and disallow substring matching.
Numerals enclosed by underscores can be preceded or followed by any
of the characters listed above.
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Matches characters on either side of the metacharacter; logical
OR.
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