Creating and Managing CoS Profiles

Managing CoS Profiles

From the Manage CoS Profiles page, you can:

• Create a new CoS profile by clicking Add. For details, see Creating a CoS Profile.
• Modify an existing CoS profile by selecting it and clicking Edit.
• View information about a profile by selecting the profile and clicking Details.
• Delete a CoS profile by selecting a profile and clicking Delete.

  Tip: You cannot delete profiles that are in use—that is, assigned to objects or used by other profiles. To see the current assignments for a profile, select the profile and click Details.

• Clone an existing CoS profile by selecting it and clicking Clone.

Table 1 describes the information provided about CoS profiles on the Manage CoS Profiles page. This page lists all CoS profiles defined for your network, regardless of the scope you selected in the network view.

Tip: All columns might not be displayed. To show or hide fields listed in the Manage Authorization Profiles table, click the down arrow on the field header, select Columns, and select or clear the check box adjacent to the field that you want to show or hide.

Using the Default CoS Profiles for Switches

When you install Network Director, a default CoS profile (juniper_CoS_template) is added to the Manage CoS Profiles page for EX Series switches and another with the same name is added for Campus Switching ELS. Default CoS profiles have most basic settings preconfigured. For example, the forwarding classes in the default CoS profile have already been assigned with default scheduler values. However, you can use the Edit CoS Profile page to optimize your communication with the network by customizing the bandwidth and buffer size assigned to each of the forwarding classes in the default CoS profile.

• Data—Best effort forwarding, forwarding queue 0, is a backward compatibility feature. Provides no service profile. Loss priority is typically not carried in a CoS value. For a best effort scheduler, the transmission rate is set to 35 percent, the buffer size to 50 percent, and priority to low.
• Voice—Expedited forwarding, forwarding queue 5, gets low-latency, strict high priority treatment through the fabric and where the packet was sent. Provides a low loss, low latency, low jitter, assured bandwidth, end-to-end service. Transmission rate is set to 10 percent and buffer size to 20 percent.
• Video—Video forwarding, forwarding queue 4, delivers assured bandwidth, low loss, low delay, and low delay variation (jitter) end-to-end for packets in this service class. For an expedited scheduler, the transmission rate is set to 30 percent, the buffer size to 30 percent, and priority to low.
• Network-Control—Network control, forwarding queue 7, offers a high-level of assurance that the packets are delivered as long as the packet flow from the customer stays within a certain Service profile that you define. The software delivers packets in this service class with a high priority. (These packets are not delay-sensitive.) Typically, these packets represent routing protocol hello or keep alive messages. Because loss of these packets jeopardizes proper network operation, packet delay is preferable to packet discard for these packets. For assured scheduler, the transmission rate is set to 25 percent, the buffer size to 25 percent, and priority to low.

EX4300 switches have four additional default classes and settings:

• Multicast network connect—Supports protocol control and thus is typically high priority.
• Multicast expedited forwarding—The software delivers assured bandwidth, low loss, low delay, and low delay variation (jitter) end-to-end for multicast packets in this service class. The software accepts excess traffic in this class, but in contrast to the multicast assured forwarding class, out-of-profile multicast expedited-forwarding class packets can be forwarded out of sequence or dropped.
• Multicast assured forwarding—The software offers a high level of assurance that the multicast packets are delivered as long as the packet flow from the customer stays within a certain service profile that you define. The software accepts excess traffic, but it applies a tail-drop profile to determine if the excess packets are dropped and not forwarded. Two drop probabilities (low and high) are defined for this service class.
• Multicast best effort forwarding is a backward compatibility feature. The software does not apply any special CoS handling to multicast packets. These packets are usually dropped under congested network conditions.

Default CoS Profiles for Data Center Switching

When you install Network Director, the following default CoS profiles are installed for Data Center Switching:

• juniper_DC_NonHier_Ethernet_CoS
• juniper_DC_Hier_Ethernet_CoS
• juniper_DC_NonHier_CoS
• juniper_DC_Hier_CoS
• juniper_DC_Hier_FCoE_CoS

To see the settings configured for a default profile, select it on the Manage CoS Profiles page, then click Details.

Creating a CoS Profile

1. Click in the Network Director banner.
2. Under Select View, select either Logical View, Location View, Device View or Custom Group View.

   Tip: Do not select Virtual View or Topology View.

3. Click CoS under Profile and Configuration Management in the Tasks pane.

   The Manage CoS Profiles page appears, displaying the list of currently configured CoS profiles.

4. Click Add.

   The Device Family Chooser window opens.

5. From the Device Family Chooser, select the device family for which you want to create a CoS profile. The available device families are Switching (EX), Wireless (WLC), Campus Switching ELS, and Data Center Switching.
6. Click OK.

   The Create CoS Profile wizard for the selected device family is displayed.

7. Specify the CoS settings. Do one of the following:
   • For either EX Series switches or ELS campus switching, specify the settings as described in Specifying Settings for a Switching CoS Profile.
   • For controllers, specify the settings as described in Specifying Settings for a Wireless CoS Profile.
   • For Data Center Switching, Specifying Settings for a Data Center Switching CoS Profile.
8. Click Done to save the CoS profile.

   The system saves the CoS profile and displays the Manage CoS Profiles page. Your new or modified CoS profile is listed in the table of CoS profiles.

Specifying Settings for a Switching CoS Profile

1. Enter the CoS switching settings described in Table 2. Required settings are indicated by a red asterisk (*) that appears next to the field label in the user interface.

   Table 2: CoS Profile Settings for EX and ELS Switching

   Field	Action
   Profile Name	Type the name of the profile.
   Description	Type a description of the profile.

2. Network Director includes four predefined traffic types, Data, Voice, Video, and Network Control. You can either modify those traffic types or you can create your own traffic type. Modify and customize any listed traffic type by selecting the traffic type from the list and clicking Edit, then changing any of the settings described in Table 3.
3. To create your own traffic type, click Add and then configure the settings described in Table 3.

   Table 3: Traffic Configuration and Shaping for EX Switching and Campus Switching ELS

   Field	Description
   Traffic Type	If you are editing a Network Director default traffic type, this field cannot be changed. If you are adding a traffic type, indicate the type of traffic—this can be any value, such as a server name or something to do with your business.
   Forwarding Name	If you are editing a Network Director default traffic type, this field cannot be changed. If you are adding a traffic type, you can use one of the predefined forwarding classes for your switch or you can create your own forwarding class. These forwarding classes are always provided: nd_best-effort, nd_network-control, nd_video-forwarding, and nd_expedited-forwarding. To create your own forwarding class, type a name instead of selecting an option. Most switches support the four predefined forwarding classes listed above. The exception is the EX4300 switch, which has eight default forwarding classes, including the standard four classes, plus multicast-network-connect, multicast-assured-forwarding, multicast-expedited-forwarding, and multicast-network-connect.
   Forwarding Queue	Existing forwarding classes already have associated queues that cannot be altered. If you defined a new forwarding class by specifying your own Forwarding Name, then select an internal queue number to which forwarding classes are assigned. Most switches support queues 0 - 10. The exception is the EX4300 switch, which supports queues 0 - 11. By default, if a packet is not classified, it is assigned to the class associated with queue 0. You can assign more than one forwarding class to a queue number.
   Scheduler Map A note in the Scheduler Map section indicates how much buffer size and bandwidth you have available to configure. For example, the message “You have been left with 0 percent buffer size and 0 percent bandwidth.” means that you have no available buffer or bandwidth, and you must reconfigure existing traffic types to free some bandwidth before configuring additional traffic types.
   Strict High	Enable Strict High if you want the queue to receive preferential treatment over a low-priority queue. Unlimited bandwidth is assigned to a strict-high priority queue. Note: You can modify this field in the Traffic Configuration and Shaping table or from the Traffic Configuration and Shaping window.
   Buffer Size (%)	Buffer Size (%) is the size of the memory buffer allocated for storing packets. Use the slider to specify the scheduler Buffer Size percentage. Note: You can modify this value by double-clicking this field in the Traffic Configuration and Shaping table or by sliding the bar in the Traffic Configuration and Shaping window.
   Bandwidth Reserved (%)	Bandwidth Reserved (%) is the amount of interface bandwidth assigned to the queue. Move the slider to specify the Bandwidth Reserved percentage. Defaults are: Data: 30% Voice: Strict High Video: 70% Network control: 0% If Strict-High is enabled for this traffic type, you cannot reserve bandwidth. Note: This field displays the value based on either your input or on the transmit-rate parameter from the switch, if that parameter is configured. While specifying transmit-rate on the EX Series switch, if you choose to specify the value as an exact rate, Network Director converts this value and displays it as a percentage in the Bandwidth Reserved (%) field. You can modify this percentage value from the CoS Profile page.
   Shaping Rate	Move the Shaping Rate slider to throttle the rate of packet transmission by setting a maximum bandwidth (rate in bits per second) or a maximum percentage of bandwidth for a queue or a forwarding class.
   Traffic Classification Behavior aggregate classification classifies packets. The DSCP or DSCP IPv6 precedence bits of the IP header convey the behavior aggregate class information. The information might also be found in the IEEE 802.1ad, or IEEE 802.1p CoS bits.
   Classifier Type	If you are editing a Network Director default traffic type, this field cannot be changed. If this is a new traffic type, select a classifier type to map packets to a forwarding class, either DSCP, DSCP-IPv6, INET-precedence, or IEEE-802.1. DSCP—Differentiated services code point, a field in IPv4 headers, is used to classify traffic. DSCP-IPv6—Differentiated services code point, a field in IPv6 headers, is used to classify traffic. INET precedence—Field that indicates class of service rewrite rules are used to classify traffic. IEEE-802.1—IEEE 802.1ad, or IEEE 802.1p CoS bits are used to classify traffic.
   Classifier Code Points
   Code Points	The code points list includes all available and unselected code points for the selected classifier type. Specify one or more code-point aliases or bit sets to associate with a forwarding class by moving the value to one of the two lists, Loss Priority Low or Loss Priority High.
   Loss Priority Low	Indicate that packets have low loss priority by selecting code-point aliases from the Code Points table and using the LEFT and RIGHT arrows to move them into the appropriate loss priority table.
   Loss Priority High	Indicate that packets have high loss priority by selecting code-point aliases from the Code Points table and using the LEFT and RIGHT arrows to move them into the appropriate loss priority table.

4. Click OK to close the Add Traffic and Classification window and save your configuration.

   Your changes are added to this CoS profile.

   Note: If all bandwidth has already been reserved, your changes are not made. Reduce the bandwidth reserved from another Traffic Type, then repeat the configuration.

5. To configure rewrite rules for a forwarding queue, click Configure Rewrite Rules at the bottom of the screen. The Configure Rewrite Rules window appears. Double-click the configurable settings as described in Table 4 to alter CoS values in outgoing packets on the outbound interfaces of an edge switch.

   Table 4: CoS Rewrite Rules for EX and ELS Switching

   Field	Description
   Forwarding Name	The name of the forwarding classes in this CoS profile. You cannot modify this field.
   Queue	The number corresponding to each forwarding queue (0-10). You cannot modify this field.
   Rewrite Type	Select a Rewrite Type for the traffic that passes through the various queues on the interface, either None, DSCP, INET Precendence, DSCP IPv6, or IEEE 802.1. Tip: Rewrite Type and Loss Priority Code Point are Mandatory fields for Rewrite rules
   Egress Code Point - Loss Priority Low	For any rewrite type other than None, select a code-point alias for association with a forwarding class for Loss Priority Low. Tip: Rewrite Type and Loss Priority Code Point are Mandatory fields for Rewrite rules
   Egress Code Point - Loss Priority High	For any rewrite type other than None, select a code-point alias for association with a forwarding class for Loss Priority High. Tip: Rewrite Type and Loss Priority Code Point are Mandatory fields for Rewrite rules

6. Click OK to save the rewrite rules and close the Configure Rewrite Rules window.

   The system saves the rewrite rules and returns to the Create CoS Profile page.

7. Click Done.

After you create a CoS profile for switching devices, associate the CoS profile with a Port profile. For directions, see Creating and Managing Port Profiles.

Specifying Settings for a Wireless CoS Profile

1. Enter the settings described in Table 5. Required settings are indicated by a red asterisk (*) that appears next to the field label in the user interface.

   Table 5: CoS Profile Basic Settings for Wireless

   Field	Action
   Profile Name	Type the name of the profile.
   Description	Type a description of the profile.
   Session CoS
   Enable Bandwidth Limit	Select Enable Bandwidth Limit if you want to specify a bandwidth limit for a given session, and then type the Maximum Bandwidth (Kb/s) (full duplex rate) for aggregates of access categories (ACs) for a wireless client. Downstream packets are shaped and upstream packets are policed.
   Enable Static CoS	Select Enable Static CoS to assign the same CoS level to all traffic on the Service profile SSID, regardless of 802.1p or DSCP markings in the packets themselves, and regardless of any filters that mark CoS. This option provides a simple way to configure an SSID for priority traffic such as VoIP traffic. Select the CoS Value that you want the controller to assign to all user traffic.
   Trust Client DSCP	Select Trust Client DSCP to enable the controller to use the client DSCP (differentiated services code point) for radio ingress traffic and ignore Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM).
   Voice CoS
   Traffic Class	Specify the traffic class for the data type voice: None—Select to indicate that no traffic class is required for voice traffic. VoIP-Data—Select to indicate that you want to enable a traffic class for voice traffic. If you selected VoIP-Data, you can additionally select Enable Bandwidth Limit if you want to specify a bandwidth limit for voice traffic, and then type the maximum bandwidth (full duplex rate) for aggregates of access categories (ACs) for a wireless client. Downstream packets are shaped and upstream packets are policed. If you selected VoIP-Data, you can additionally select Enable Static CoS to assign the same CoS level to all traffic on the service profile SSID, regardless of 802.1p or DSCP markings in the packets themselves, and regardless of any firewall filters that mark CoS. This option provides a simple way to configure an SSID for priority traffic such as VoIP traffic. Select the CoS value that you want the controller to assign to all user traffic.
   Access Categories	Access Categories includes up to four access categories for QoS. You can modify the action (Permit or Demote) corresponding to each forwarding queue to suit your requirements. If you remove any of the four default types (Background, Best Effort, Voice, and Video) by selecting it and clicking Remove, you can add additional categories until there are four. To add a category: Click Add in the Access Categories box. The Add Access Category window appears. Select an Access Category, Background, Best-Effort, Voice, or Video. Select an action to be applied to packets in the forwarding queue, either Permit or Demote. Click OK. The Add Access Category window closes and the access category is added to the list of Access Categories.

2. Click Done.

After you create a CoS profile for wireless devices, associate the CoS profile with an Authorization profile during Authorization profile creation. This Authorization profile is then associated with a WLAN profile (during WLAN profile creation) to apply the CoS settings to all the users who connect to the WLAN SSID. For directions, see Creating and Managing Wireless Authorization Profiles andCreating and Managing a WLAN Service Profile.

Specifying Settings for a Data Center Switching CoS Profile

You can create a CoS profile by specifying the profile settings and the traffic configuration and shaping details.

1. Enter the settings described in Table 6. Required settings are indicated by a red asterisk (*) that appears next to the field label in the user interface.

   Table 6: CoS Profile Basic Settings for Data Center Switching

   Field	Action
   Profile Name	Type the name of the profile.
   Description	Type the description of the profile.

2. In the Traffic Classification and Shaping Settings section, select one of these options:
   • Hierarchical Port Scheduling (ETS)—Hierarchical port scheduling (Enhanced Transmission Selection, or ETS) is a two-tier process that provides better port bandwidth utilization and greater flexibility to allocate resources to queues and to groups of queues (for QFX and QFabric devices).
   • Non Hierarchical Port Scheduling—Non-hierarchical scheduling is a one-tier process that provides port bandwidth utilization and allocates resources to queues (for EX4500 and EX4550 Series transit switches).
3. If you selected Hierarchical Port Scheduling (ETS), specify settings in the Priority Group and Traffic Settings section.

   The table lists priority groups and the forwarding classes they contain in an expandable list. Priority groups refer to forwarding class sets in the device. You can perform these tasks on priority groups and forwarding classes:

   • To add a new priority group, click Add Priority Group. The Add Priority Group and Traffic Control Profile Window opens. Enter the settings as described in Table 7.

     Table 7: Add Priority Group and Traffic Control Profile Window

     Field	Description
     Priority Group Name	Enter a name for the priority group.
     Traffic Control Profile Settings
     Transmit Rate (%)	Select a transmit rate percentage for the priority group.
     Shaping Rate (%)	Select a shaping rate percentage for the priority group.

   • To edit a priority group or forwarding class’s properties, edit cells in its table row. The properties are described in Table 8.

     Table 8: Priority Group and Traffic Settings Table Properties

     Field	Description
     No Loss	Select to make the forwarding class lossless. Not applicable to priority groups.
     Strict High	Select to cause the forwarding class to receive preferential treatment over a low-priority queue. Unlimited bandwidth is assigned to a strict-high priority queue. Not applicable to priority groups.
     Transmit Rate (%)	Select the percentage of interface bandwidth assigned to the forwarding class or priority group. If you have enabled Strict-High, you cannot reserve bandwidth for this traffic type.
     Shaping Rate (%)	Select a shaping rate percentage for the forwarding class or priority group.
     Buffer Size (%)	Select the percentage of the memory buffer allocated for storing packets for the forwarding class. Not applicable to priority groups.

   • To edit a forwarding class’s properties, click its name. The Edit Traffic Classification and Shaping for priority group window opens. Enter the settings as described in Table 9.

     Table 9: Edit and Add Traffic Classification and Shaping for priority group Window

     Field	Description
     Forwarding Class Name	Select or specify a name for the forwarding class.
     Forwarding Class Queue	Specify the internal queue numbers to which forwarding classes are assigned.
     No Loss	Select to make the forwarding class lossless.
     Scheduler Map
     Strict High	Select if you want the queue to receive preferential treatment over a low-priority queue. Unlimited bandwidth is assigned to a strict-high priority queue.
     Transmit Rate	Select the percentage of interface bandwidth assigned to the forwarding class. If you have enabled Strict-High, you cannot reserve bandwidth for this traffic type.
     Shaping Rate	Select a shaping rate percentage for the forwarding class.
     Buffer Size (%)	Select the percentage of the memory buffer allocated for storing packets for the forwarding class.
     Traffic Classification
     Classifier Type	Select the classifier type that maps packets to a forwarding class and a loss priority.
     Code Points	Specify one or more code-points for associating with a forwarding class.
     Loss Priority Low	Indicates that packets have low loss priority. Select code points from the Code Points table and use the LEFT and RIGHT arrows to move them into the appropriate loss priority table.
     Loss Priority Medium High	Indicates that packets have medium high loss priority. Select code points from the Code Points table and use the LEFT and RIGHT arrows to move them into the appropriate loss priority table.
     Loss Priority High	Indicates that packets have high loss priority. Select code points from the Code Points table and use the LEFT and RIGHT arrows to move them into the appropriate loss priority table.

   • To add a forwarding class to a priority group, click the Add Forwarding Class link at the end of the priority group’s list of forwarding classes. The Add Traffic Classification and Shaping for priority group window opens. Enter the settings as described in Table 9.
   • To remove a priority group or forwarding class, click the X at the end of its table row.
4. If you selected Non Hierarchical Port Scheduling, specify settings in the Traffic Configuration and Shaping table.

   The table lists forwarding classes. You can perform these tasks on forwarding classes:

   • To add traffic configuration and shaping details for different types of traffic, click Add in the Traffic Configuration and Shaping box. The Add Traffic Classification and Shaping window opens.
   • To modify the details of an existing traffic configuration, select the traffic configuration from the list and click Edit. The Edit Traffic Classification and Shaping window opens.

     Note: You can modify some of the details in the Traffic Configuration and Shaping table without having to open the Edit Traffic Classification and Shaping window—by clicking on the field that you want to modify.

   • To delete a traffic configuration entry, select the traffic configuration from the list and click Remove.

     The system deletes the selected traffic configuration entry.

   Enter or modify the settings as described in Table 9.

5. If you selected Hierarchical Port Scheduling (ETS), specify priority-based flow control (PFC) settings in the PFC Settings section. Enter the settings as described in Table 10.

   Table 10: PFC Settings for Data Center Switching Hierarchical Port Scheduling (ETS) CoS Profile

   Field	Description
   Input Cable Length (meter)	Enter the length of the cable attached to the input interface, in meters.
   Input
   Add	Click to add an input congestion notification profile (CNP). A new entry appears in the table.
   Remove	Click to remove the selected input CNP.
   IEEE Code Point	Select the IEEE code point for the input CNP.
   Maximum Receive Size (bytes)	Enter the maximum receive unit (MRU) on an interface for traffic that matches the PFC priority, in bytes.
   Output
   Add	Click to add an output CNP. A new entry appears in the table.
   Remove	Click to remove the selected output CNP.
   IEEE Code Point	Select the IEEE code point for the output CNP.
   Queue List	Select output queues on which to enable flow control (PFC pause).

6. If you selected Non-Hierarchical Port Scheduling, specify priority-based flow control (PFC) settings in the PFC Settings section. Enter the settings as described in Table 11.

   Table 11: PFC Settings for Data Center Switching Non-Hierarchical Port Scheduling CoS Profile

   Field	Description
   Input
   Add	Click to add an input congestion notification profile (CNP). A new entry appears in the table.
   Remove	Click to remove the selected input CNP.

7. Specify rewrite rule settings in the Rewrite Rule Settings section. Enter the settings as described in Table 12.

   Table 12: Rewrite Rule Settings for Data Center Switching CoS Profile

   Field	Description
   Forwarding Name	The name of the forwarding class.
   Queue	The number corresponding to the forwarding queue. You cannot modify this field.
   Rewrite Type	Select a rewrite-rules mapping for the traffic that passes through the various queues on the interface.
   Egress Code Point - Loss Priority Low	Specify a code-point for association with a forwarding class for loss priority low.
   Egress Code Point - Loss Priority Medium High	Specify a code-point for association with a forwarding class for loss priority medium high.
   Egress Code Point - Loss Priority High	Specify a code-point for association with a forwarding class for loss priority high.

8. Click Done to save the changes to the profile.

What To Do Next

After you have created a CoS profile, you can do one of the following depending on the device family for which the profile was created:

• For switching devices, associate the CoS profile with a Port profile.
• For wireless devices, associate the CoS profile with an Authorization profile. This Authorization profile can then be associated with a WLAN profile to apply the CoS settings to all the users who connect to that SSID.