示例：使用复杂的正则表达式测试路由策略
此示例说明如何使用命令测试 test policy 路由策略，以确保策略在生产环境中应用之前产生预期的结果。正则表达式，尤其是复杂的正则表达式，可能很难正确。此示例演示如何使用命令来 test policy 确保正则表达式具有预期效果。
要求
在配置此示例之前，不需要除设备初始化之外的特殊配置。
概述
此示例显示了两台路由设备之间具有外部 BGP （EBGP） 连接。设备 R2 使用 BGP 会话将客户路由发送到设备 R1。这些静态路由附加了多个社区值。
user@R2> show route match-prefix 172.16.* detail
inet.0: 7 destinations, 7 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
172.16.1.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
*Static Preference: 5
Next hop type: Reject
Address: 0x8fd0dc4
Next-hop reference count: 8
State: <Active Int Ext>
Local AS: 64511
Age: 21:32:13
Validation State: unverified
Task: RT
Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT
AS path: I
Communities: 64510:1 64510:10 64510:11 64510:100 64510:111
172.16.2.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
*Static Preference: 5
Next hop type: Reject
Address: 0x8fd0dc4
Next-hop reference count: 8
State: <Active Int Ext>
Local AS: 64511
Age: 21:32:13
Validation State: unverified
Task: RT
Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT
AS path: I
Communities: 64510:2 64510:20 64510:22 64510:200 64510:222
172.16.3.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
*Static Preference: 5
Next hop type: Reject
Address: 0x8fd0dc4
Next-hop reference count: 8
State: <Active Int Ext>
Local AS: 64511
Age: 21:32:13
Validation State: unverified
Task: RT
Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT
AS path: I
Communities: 64510:3 64510:30 64510:33 64510:300 64510:333
172.16.4.0/24 (1 entry, 1 announced)
*Static Preference: 5
Next hop type: Reject
Address: 0x8fd0dc4
Next-hop reference count: 8
State: <Active Int Ext>
Local AS: 64511
Age: 21:32:13
Validation State: unverified
Task: RT
Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT
AS path: I
Communities: 64510:4 64510:40 64510:44 64510:400 64510:444为了测试复杂的正则表达式，设备 R2 具有一个名为 test-regex 用于定位路由的策略。策略配置如下：
policy-statement test-regex {
term find-routes {
from community complex-regex;
then accept;
}
term reject-the-rest {
then reject;
}
}
community complex-regex members "^64510:[13].*$";
此正则表达式匹配以 1 或 3 开头的社区值。
配置
CLI 快速配置
要快速配置此示例，请复制以下命令，将其粘贴到文本文件中，删除所有换行符，更改与您的网络配置匹配所需的任何详细信息，然后将命令复制并粘贴到层次结构级别的 CLI [edit] 中。
设备 R1
set interfaces fe-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.1/30 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.1/32 set protocols bgp group ext type external set protocols bgp group ext peer-as 64511 set protocols bgp group ext neighbor 10.0.0.2 set routing-options router-id 192.168.0.1 set routing-options autonomous-system 64510
设备 R2
set interfaces fe-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.2/32 set protocols bgp group ext type external set protocols bgp group ext peer-as 64510 set protocols bgp group ext neighbor 10.0.0.1 set policy-options policy-statement send-static term 1 from protocol static set policy-options policy-statement send-static term 1 then accept set policy-options policy-statement send-static term 2 then reject set policy-options policy-statement test-regex term find-routes from community complex-regex set policy-options policy-statement test-regex term find-routes then accept set policy-options policy-statement test-regex term reject-the-rest then reject set policy-options community complex-regex members "^64510:[13].*$" set routing-options static route 172.16.1.0/24 reject set routing-options static route 172.16.1.0/24 community 64510:1 set routing-options static route 172.16.1.0/24 community 64510:10 set routing-options static route 172.16.1.0/24 community 64510:11 set routing-options static route 172.16.1.0/24 community 64510:100 set routing-options static route 172.16.1.0/24 community 64510:111 set routing-options static route 172.16.2.0/24 reject set routing-options static route 172.16.2.0/24 community 64510:2 set routing-options static route 172.16.2.0/24 community 64510:20 set routing-options static route 172.16.2.0/24 community 64510:22 set routing-options static route 172.16.2.0/24 community 64510:200 set routing-options static route 172.16.2.0/24 community 64510:222 set routing-options static route 172.16.3.0/24 reject set routing-options static route 172.16.3.0/24 community 64510:3 set routing-options static route 172.16.3.0/24 community 64510:30 set routing-options static route 172.16.3.0/24 community 64510:33 set routing-options static route 172.16.3.0/24 community 64510:300 set routing-options static route 172.16.3.0/24 community 64510:333 set routing-options static route 172.16.4.0/24 reject set routing-options static route 172.16.4.0/24 community 64510:4 set routing-options static route 172.16.4.0/24 community 64510:40 set routing-options static route 172.16.4.0/24 community 64510:44 set routing-options static route 172.16.4.0/24 community 64510:400 set routing-options static route 172.16.4.0/24 community 64510:444 set routing-options router-id 192.168.0.2 set routing-options autonomous-system 64511
程序
分步过程
以下示例要求您在配置层次结构中导航各个级别。有关导航 CLI 的信息，请参阅 CLI 用户指南中的在配置模式下使用 CLI 编辑器。
要配置设备 R2：
配置接口。
[edit interfaces] user@R2# set fe-1/2/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30 user@R2# set lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.2/32
配置 BGP。
将导入策略应用于与设备 R2 的 BGP 对等会话。
[edit protocols bgp group ext] user@R2# set type external user@R2# set peer-as 64510 user@R2# set neighbor 10.0.0.1
配置发送静态路由的路由策略。
[edit policy-options policy-statement send-static] user@R2# set term 1 from protocol static user@R2# set term 1 then accept user@R2# set term 2 then reject
配置测试正则表达式的路由策略。
[edit policy-options policy-statement test-regex] user@R2# set term find-routes from community complex-regex user@R2# set term find-routes then accept user@R2# set term reject-the-rest then reject [edit policy-options community] user@R2# set complex-regex members "^64510:[13].*$"
配置静态路由并附加社区值。
[edit routing-options static route 172.16.1.0/24] user@R2# set reject user@R2# set community [ 64510:1 64510:10 64510:11 64510:100 64510:111 ] [edit routing-options static route 172.16.2.0/24] user@R2# set reject user@R2# set community [ 64510:2 64510:20 64510:22 64510:200 64510:222 ] [edit routing-options static route 172.16.3.0/24] user@R2# set reject user@R2# set community [ 64510:3 64510:30 64510:33 64510:300 64510:333 ] [edit routing-options static route 172.16.4.0/24] user@R2# set reject user@R2# set community [ 64510:4 64510:40 64510:44 64510:400 64510:444 ]
配置自治系统 (AS) 编号和路由器 ID。
这会影响设备 R2 的路由表，并且不会影响设备 R1 和设备 R3。
[edit routing-options ] user@R2# set router-id 192.168.0.2 user@R2# set autonomous-system 64511
结果
在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces 、show protocols、show policy-options 和 show routing-options 命令，以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明，以便进行更正。
user@R2# show interfaces
fe-1/2/0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 10.0.0.2/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 192.168.0.2/32;
}
}
}
user@R2# show protocols
bgp {
group ext {
type external;
peer-as 64510;
neighbor 10.0.0.1;
}
}
user@R2# show policy-options
policy-statement send-static {
term 1 {
from protocol static;
then accept;
}
term 2 {
then reject;
}
}
policy-statement test-regex {
term find-routes {
from community complex-regex;
then accept;
}
term reject-the-rest {
then reject;
}
}
community complex-regex members "^64510:[13].*$";
user@R2# show routing-options
static {
route 172.16.1.0/24 {
reject;
community [ 64510:1 64510:10 64510:11 64510:100 64510:111 ];
}
route 172.16.2.0/24 {
reject;
community [ 64510:2 64510:20 64510:22 64510:200 64510:222 ];
}
route 172.16.3.0/24 {
reject;
community [ 64510:3 64510:30 64510:33 64510:300 64510:333 ];
}
route 172.16.4.0/24 {
reject;
community [ 64510:4 64510:40 64510:44 64510:400 64510:444 ];
}
}
router-id 192.168.0.2;
autonomous-system 64511;
如果完成设备配置，请从配置模式输入 commit。
验证
确认配置工作正常。
测试以查看哪些社区与正则表达式匹配
目的
您可以使用命令 test policypolicy-name 测试正则表达式及其策略。
操作
在设备 R2 上，运行
test policy test-regex 0/0命令。user@R2> test policy test-regex 0/0 inet.0: 7 destinations, 7 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden) + = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both 172.16.1.0/24 *[Static/5] 1d 00:32:50 Reject 172.16.3.0/24 *[Static/5] 1d 00:32:50 Reject Policy test-regex: 2 prefix accepted, 5 prefix rejected在设备 R2 上，更改正则表达式以匹配包含任意数量的数字 2 实例的社区值。
[edit policy-options community complex-regex] user@R2# delete members "^64510:[13].*$" user@R2# set members "^65020:2+$" user@R2# commit
在设备 R2 上，重新运行
test policy test-regex 0/0命令。user@R2> test policy test-regex 0/0 inet.0: 7 destinations, 7 routes (7 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden) + = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both 172.16.2.0/24 *[Static/5] 1d 00:31:36 Reject Policy test-regex: 1 prefix accepted, 6 prefix rejected
意义
172.16.1.0 /24 和 172.16.3.0/24 路由都附加了与 ^64510：[13].*$ 表达式匹配的社区。172.16.2.0/24 路由具有与 ^65020：2+$ 表达式匹配的社区。