示例：配置移除 BGP 社区的路由策略
此示例说明如何创建接受 BGP 路由但从路由中移除 BGP 社区的策略。
要求
配置此示例之前，不需要除设备初始化之外的特殊配置。
概述
此示例显示了两个路由设备之间具有外部 BGP （EBGP） 连接。设备 R2 使用 BGP 会话向设备 R1 发送两个静态路由。在设备 R1 上，导入策略指定必须从路由中移除所有 BGP 社区。
默认情况下，在 EBGP 对等方上配置社区时，系统会发送并接受这些社区。要抑制接受从邻居接收的社区，可以移除所有社区或一组指定的社区。当策略的结果是一组空的社区时，不包括社区属性。要删除所有社区，请首先定义一组通配符社区（此处将社区命名 wild为）：
[edit policy-options] community wild members "* : *";
然后，在路由策略语句中，指定操作 community delete ：
[edit policy-options] policy-statement policy-name { term term-name { then community delete wild; } }
要禁止任何自治系统 （AS） 中的特定社区，请将社区定义为 community wild members "*:community-value"。
配置
CLI 快速配置
要快速配置此示例，请复制以下命令，将其粘贴到文本文件中，删除所有换行符，更改详细信息，以便与网络配置匹配，然后将命令复制并粘贴到层次结构级别的 [edit] CLI 中。
设备 R1
set interfaces fe-1/1/0 unit 0 description to-R2 set interfaces fe-1/1/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.1/30 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.1/32 set protocols bgp group external-peers type external set protocols bgp group external-peers peer-as 2 set protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 10.0.0.2 import remove-communities set policy-options policy-statement remove-communities term 1 from protocol bgp set policy-options policy-statement remove-communities term 1 then community delete wild set policy-options policy-statement remove-communities term 1 then accept set policy-options policy-statement remove-communities term 2 then reject set policy-options community wild members *:* set routing-options router-id 192.168.0.1 set routing-options autonomous-system 1
设备 R2
set interfaces fe-1/1/0 unit 0 description to-R1 set interfaces fe-1/1/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.2/32 set protocols bgp group external-peers type external set protocols bgp group external-peers export statics set protocols bgp group external-peers peer-as 1 set protocols bgp group external-peers neighbor 10.0.0.1 set policy-options policy-statement statics from protocol static set policy-options policy-statement statics then community add 1 set policy-options policy-statement statics then accept set policy-options community 1 members 2:1 set policy-options community 1 members 2:2 set policy-options community 1 members 2:3 set policy-options community 1 members 2:4 set policy-options community 1 members 2:5 set policy-options community 1 members 2:6 set policy-options community 1 members 2:7 set policy-options community 1 members 2:8 set policy-options community 1 members 2:9 set policy-options community 1 members 2:10 set routing-options static route 10.2.0.0/16 reject set routing-options static route 10.2.0.0/16 install set routing-options static route 10.3.0.0/16 reject set routing-options static route 10.3.0.0/16 install set routing-options router-id 192.168.0.3 set routing-options autonomous-system 2
过程
分步程序
下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航CLI的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用CLI编辑器。
要配置设备 R1：
-
配置接口。
[edit interfaces] user@R1# set fe-1/1/0 unit 0 description to-R2 user@R1# set fe-1/1/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.1/30 user@R1# set lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.1/32
-
配置 BGP。
将导入策略应用于与设备 R2 的 BGP 对等会话。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R1# set type external user@R1# set peer-as 2 user@R1# set neighbor 10.0.0.2 import remove-communities
-
配置用于删除社区的路由策略。
[edit policy-options policy-statement remove-communities] user@R1# set term 1 from protocol bgp user@R1# set term 1 then community delete wild user@R1# set term 1 then accept user@R1# set term 2 then reject
-
配置自治系统 （AS） 编号和路由器 ID。
[edit routing-options ] user@R1# set router-id 192.168.0.1 user@R1# set autonomous-system 1
分步程序
下面的示例要求您在各个配置层级中进行导航。有关导航CLI的信息，请参阅《Junos OS CLI 用户指南》中的在配置模式下使用CLI编辑器。
要配置设备 R2：
-
配置接口。
[edit interfaces] user@R2# set fe-1/1/0 unit 0 description to-R1 user@R2# set fe-1/1/0 unit 0 family inet address 10.0.0.2/30 user@R2# set lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.0.2/32
-
配置路由器 ID 和自治系统 （AS） 编号。
[edit routing-options] user@R2# set router-id 192.168.0.3 user@R2# set autonomous-system 2
-
配置 BGP。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R2# set type external user@R2# set peer-as 1 user@R2# set neighbor 10.0.0.1
-
配置多个社区，或配置包含多个成员的单个社区。
[edit policy-options community 1] user@R2# set members 2:1 user@R2# set members 2:2 user@R2# set members 2:3 user@R2# set members 2:4 user@R2# set members 2:5 user@R2# set members 2:6 user@R2# set members 2:7 user@R2# set members 2:8 user@R2# set members 2:9 user@R2# set members 2:10
-
配置静态路由。
[edit routing-options static] user@R2# set route 10.2.0.0/16 reject user@R2# set route 10.2.0.0/16 install user@R2# set route 10.3.0.0/16 reject user@R2# set route 10.3.0.0/16 install
-
配置一个路由策略，用于将静态路由播发到 BGP 并将 BGP 社区添加到路由中。
[edit policy-options policy-statement statics] user@R2# set from protocol static user@R2# set then community add 1 user@R2# set then accept
-
应用导出策略。
[edit protocols bgp group external-peers] user@R2# set export statics
结果
在配置模式下，输入 show interfaces、 show protocols、 show policy-options和 show routing-options 命令以确认您的配置。如果输出未显示预期的配置，请重复此示例中的说明以更正配置。
设备 R1
user@R1# show interfaces
fe-1/1/0 {
unit 0{
description to-R2;
family inet {
address 10.0.0.1/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 192.168.0.1/32;
}
}
}
user@R1# show protocols
bgp {
group external-peers {
type external;
peer-as 2;
neighbor 10.0.0.2 {
import remove-communities;
}
}
}
user@R1# show policy-options
policy-statement remove-communities {
term 1 {
from protocol bgp;
then {
community delete wild;
accept;
}
}
term 2 {
then reject;
}
}
community wild members *:*;
user@R1# show routing-options router-id 192.168.0.1; autonomous-system 1;
设备 R2
user@R2# show interfaces
fe-1/1/0 {
unit 0 {
description to-R1;
family inet {
address 10.0.0.2/30;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 192.168.0.2/32;
}
}
}
user@R2# show protocols
bgp {
group external-peers {
type external;
export statics;
peer-as 1;
neighbor 10.0.0.1;
}
}
user@R2# show policy-options
policy-statement statics {
from protocol static;
then {
community add 1;
accept;
}
}
community 1 members [ 2:1 2:2 2:3 2:4 2:5 2:6 2:7 2:8 2:9 2:10 ];
user@R2# show routing-options
static {
route 10.2.0.0/16 {
reject;
install;
}
route 10.3.0.0/16 {
reject;
install;
}
}
router-id 192.168.0.3;
autonomous-system 2;
如果完成设备配置，请从配置模式进入。commit
验证
确认配置工作正常。
验证 BGP 路由
目的
确保设备 R1 上的路由表不包含 BGP 社区。
行动
-
在设备 R1 上，运行命令
show route protocols bgp extensive。user@R1> show route protocols bgp extensive inet.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden) 10.2.0.0/16 (1 entry, 1 announced) TSI: KRT in-kernel 10.2.0.0/16 -> {10.0.0.2} *BGP Preference: 170/-101 Next hop type: Router, Next hop index: 671 Address: 0x9458270 Next-hop reference count: 4 Source: 10.0.0.2 Next hop: 10.0.0.2 via lt-1/1/0.5, selected Session Id: 0x100001 State: <Active Ext> Local AS: 1 Peer AS: 2 Age: 20:39:01 Validation State: unverified Task: BGP_2.10.0.0.2+179 Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT AS path: 2 I Accepted Localpref: 100 Router ID: 192.168.0.3 10.3.0.0/16 (1 entry, 1 announced) TSI: KRT in-kernel 10.3.0.0/16 -> {10.0.0.2} *BGP Preference: 170/-101 Next hop type: Router, Next hop index: 671 Address: 0x9458270 Next-hop reference count: 4 Source: 10.0.0.2 Next hop: 10.0.0.2 via lt-1/1/0.5, selected Session Id: 0x100001 State: <Active Ext> Local AS: 1 Peer AS: 2 Age: 20:39:01 Validation State: unverified Task: BGP_2.10.0.0.2+179 Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT AS path: 2 I Accepted Localpref: 100 Router ID: 192.168.0.3 -
在设备 R1 上，停用
community remove导入策略中的配置。[edit policy-options policy-statement remove-communities term 1] user@R1# deactivate then community delete wild user@R1# commit
-
在设备 R1 上，运行命令
show route protocols bgp extensive以查看播发的社区。user@R1> show route protocols bgp extensive inet.0: 5 destinations, 5 routes (5 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden) 10.2.0.0/16 (1 entry, 1 announced) TSI: KRT in-kernel 10.2.0.0/16 -> {10.0.0.2} *BGP Preference: 170/-101 Next hop type: Router, Next hop index: 671 Address: 0x9458270 Next-hop reference count: 4 Source: 10.0.0.2 Next hop: 10.0.0.2 via lt-1/1/0.5, selected Session Id: 0x100001 State: <Active Ext> Local AS: 1 Peer AS: 2 Age: 20:40:53 Validation State: unverified Task: BGP_2.10.0.0.2+179 Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT AS path: 2 I Communities: 2:1 2:2 2:3 2:4 2:5 2:6 2:7 2:8 2:9 2:10 Accepted Localpref: 100 Router ID: 192.168.0.3 10.3.0.0/16 (1 entry, 1 announced) TSI: KRT in-kernel 10.3.0.0/16 -> {10.0.0.2} *BGP Preference: 170/-101 Next hop type: Router, Next hop index: 671 Address: 0x9458270 Next-hop reference count: 4 Source: 10.0.0.2 Next hop: 10.0.0.2 via lt-1/1/0.5, selected Session Id: 0x100001 State: <Active Ext> Local AS: 1 Peer AS: 2 Age: 20:40:53 Validation State: unverified Task: BGP_2.10.0.0.2+179 Announcement bits (1): 0-KRT AS path: 2 I Communities: 2:1 2:2 2:3 2:4 2:5 2:6 2:7 2:8 2:9 2:10 Accepted Localpref: 100 Router ID: 192.168.0.3
意义
输出显示，在设备 R1 的路由表中，从设备 R2 发送的 BGP 路由中抑制了社区。设备 R1 的导入策略中的设置停用后 community remove ，将不再抑制社区。