Linux 系统上的系统日志服务器配置示例
安全的 Junos OS 环境需要审核事件并将其存储在本地审核文件中。记录的事件同时发送到外部系统日志服务器。系统日志服务器接收从设备流式传输的系统日志消息。系统日志服务器必须配置具有 NETCONF 支持的 SSH 客户端才能接收流式传输的系统日志消息。
NDcPP 日志捕获事件,下面列出了其中一些事件:
提交的更改
用户登录和注销
无法建立 SSH 会话
SSH 会话的建立或终止
更改系统时间
配置到本地文件的事件日志记录
您可以配置将消息存储到本地文件以及要随语句一起 syslog
记录的详细级别。此示例将日志存储在名为 syslog 的文件中:
[edit system] syslog { file syslog; }
配置到远程服务器的事件日志记录
通过设置事件跟踪监视器,该监视器使用 NETCONF over SSH 将事件日志消息发送到远程系统事件日志记录服务器,从而配置将审核信息导出到安全的远程服务器。以下过程显示使用 NETCONF over SSH 将系统日志消息发送到安全外部服务器所需的配置。
从远程服务器启动连接时,配置到远程服务器的事件日志记录
以下过程介绍从远程系统日志服务器启动与 TOE 的 SSH 连接时配置到远程服务器的事件日志记录的步骤。
以下输出显示系统日志服务器的测试日志结果。
host@ssh-keygen -b 2048 -t rsa -C 'syslog-monitor key pair' -f ~/.ssh/syslog-monitor Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /home/host/.ssh/syslog-monitor. Your public key has been saved in /home/host/.ssh/syslog-monitor.pub. The key fingerprint is: ef:75:d7:68:c5:ad:8d:6f:5e:7a:7e:9b:3d:f1:4d:3f syslog-monitor key pair The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | | | | | | | ..| | S +| | . Bo| | . . *.X| | . . o E@| | . .BX| +-----------------+ [host@linux]$ cat /home/host/.ssh/syslog-monitor.pub ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCrUREJUBpjwAoIgRrGy9zgt+ D2pikk3Q/Wdf8I5vr+njeqJhCx2bUAkrRbYXNILQQAZbg7kLfi/8TqqL eon4HOP2e6oCSorKdx/GrOTzLONL4fh0EyuSAk8bs5JuwWNBUokV025 gzpGFsBusGnlj6wqqJ/sjFsMmfxyCkbY+pUWb8m1/A9YjOFT+6esw+9S tF6Gbg+VpbYYk/Oday4z+z7tQHRFSrxj2G92aoliVDBLJparEMBc8w LdSUDxmgBTM2oadOmm+kreBUQjrmr6775RJn9H9YwIxKOxGm4SFnX/Vl4 R+lZ9RqmKH2wodIEM34K0wXEHzAzNZ01oLmaAVqT syslog-monitor key pair [host@linux]$ eval `ssh-agent ` Agent pid 1453 [host@linux]$ ssh-add ~/.ssh/syslog-monitor Enter passphrase for /home/host/.ssh/syslog-monitor: Identity added: /home/host/.ssh/syslog-monitor (/home/host/.ssh/syslog-monitor)
网络配置通道
host@linux]$ ssh syslog-mon@starfire -s netconf>test.out host@linux]$ cat test.out this is NDcPP test device <!-- No zombies were killed during the creation of this user interface -- <!-- user syslog-mon, class j-monitor -><hello> <capabilities> <capability>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0</capability> <capability>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:capability:candidate:1.0</capability> <capability>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:capability:confirmed-commit:1.0</capability> <capability>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:capability:validate:1.0</capability> <capability>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:capability:url:1.0?protocol=http,ftp,file</capability> <capability>http://xml.juniper.net/netconf/junos/1.0</capability> <capability>http://xml.juniper.net/dmi/system/1.0</capability> </capabilities> <session-id4129/session-id> </hello> ]]>]]>
以下输出显示了在 TOE 上生成的、在系统日志服务器上接收的事件日志。
Jan 20 17:04:51 starfire sshd[4182]: error: Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key Jan 20 17:04:51 starfire sshd[4182]: error: Could not load host key: /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key Jan 20 17:04:53 starfire sshd[4182]: Accepted password for sec-admin from 10.209.11.24 port 55571 ssh2 Jan 20 17:04:53 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_AUTH_EVENT: Authenticated user 'sec-admin' at permission level 'j-administrator' Jan 20 17:04:53 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_LOGIN_EVENT: User 'sec-admin' login, class 'j-administrator' [4186], ssh-connection '10.209.11.24 55571 10.209.14.92 22', client-mode 'cli'
网络配置通道
host@linux]$ ssh syslog-mon@starfire -s netconf this is NDcPP test device <!-- No zombies were killed during the creation of this user interface -- <!-- user syslog-mon, class j-monitor -><hello> <capabilities> <capability>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0</capability> <capability>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:capability:candidate:1.0</capability> <capability>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:capability:confirmed-commit:1.0</capability> <capability>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:capability:validate:1.0</capability> <capability>urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:capability:url:1.0?protocol=http,ftp,file</capability> <capability>http://xml.juniper.net/netconf/junos/1.0</capability> <capability>http://xml.juniper.net/dmi/system/1.0</capability> </capabilities> <session-id4129/session-id> </hello> ]]>]]>
以下输出显示收到的本地系统日志和远程系统日志类似。
Local : an 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Redundancy interface management process checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/rdd' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/rdd', PID 4317, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Dynamic flow capture service checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/dfcd' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/dfcd', PID 4318, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Connectivity fault management process checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/cfmd' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/cfmd', PID 4319, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Layer 2 address flooding and learning process checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/l2ald' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/l2ald', PID 4320, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Layer 2 Control Protocol process checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/l2cpd' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire l2cp[4321]: Initializing PNAC state machines Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire l2cp[4321]: Initializing PNAC state machines complete Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire l2cp[4321]: Initialized 802.1X module and state machinesJan 20 17:09:30 starfire l2cp[4321]: Read acess profile () config Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/l2cpd', PID 4321, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Multicast Snooping process checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/mcsnoopd' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/mcsnoopd', PID 4325, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: commit wrapup... Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: activating '/var/etc/ntp.conf' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: start ffp activate Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/ffp' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire ffp[4326]: "dynamic-profiles": No change to profiles....................................
Remote : an 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Redundancy interface management process checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/rdd' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/rdd', PID 4317, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Dynamic flow capture service checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/dfcd' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/dfcd', PID 4318, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Connectivity fault management process checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/cfmd' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/cfmd', PID 4319, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Layer 2 address flooding and learning process checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/l2ald' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/l2ald', PID 4320, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Layer 2 Control Protocol process checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/l2cpd' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire l2cp[4321]: Initializing PNAC state machines Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire l2cp[4321]: Initializing PNAC state machines complete Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire l2cp[4321]: Initialized 802.1X module and state machinesJan 20 17:09:30 starfire l2cp[4321]: Read acess profile () config Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/l2cpd', PID 4321, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: Multicast Snooping process checking new configuration Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/mcsnoopd' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_STATUS: Cleanup child '/usr/sbin/mcsnoopd', PID 4325, status 0 Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: commit wrapup... Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: activating '/var/etc/ntp.conf' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_COMMIT_PROGRESS: Commit operation in progress: start ffp activate Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire mgd[4186]: UI_CHILD_START: Starting child '/usr/sbin/ffp' Jan 20 17:09:30 starfire ffp[4326]: "dynamic-profiles": No change to profiles ...............