Vizinhos descobertos automaticamente pelo BGP
SUMMARY Use o vizinho descoberto automaticamente do BGP para configurar o peering BGP por interface, em vez de especificar endereços IP remotos ou locais vizinhos.
Entendendo o BGP Auto-discovered Neighbor
SUMMARY Use o vizinho descoberto automaticamente do BGP para configurar o peering BGP por interface em vez de especificar endereços IP remotos ou locais vizinhos.
Para estabelecer uma sessão BGP entre roteadores, você deve configurar explicitamente grupos BGP e pares por endereço. As sessões de peering BGP exigem que você identifique endereços IP de origem e destino para endpoints da comunicação do TCP. Portanto, a configuração explícita desses endereços é um obstáculo para a expansão da rede e uma oportunidade de configuração incorreta.
Para simplificar sua configuração BGP, removemos a necessidade de configurar o endereço por peer do BGP. Use o vizinho descoberto automaticamente do BGP para configurar o peering BGP por interface em vez de especificar endereços IP remotos ou locais vizinhos. Isso inclui o uso de mecanismos implícitos ou de protocolo para descobrir os endereços IP para uso nas sessões de peering do TCP.
O comportamento de peering e o uso de endereços devem ser configurados explicitamente para evitar mudanças de peering com base no endereço da interface mudanças devido à validação de configuração ou endereço (por exemplo, detecção de endereços duplicados IPv6 (DAD)).
O BGP determina que as famílias de endereços façam peer over com base na configuração. As sessões de peering surgem com base na disponibilidade dos endereços de interface para as famílias determinadas. O endereço local de link peer é descoberto usando a descoberta de vizinhos IPv6 (RFC4861) e cria uma sessão BGP em direção a esse vizinho. Um endereço local de link é gerado mesmo quando as interfaces IPv6 não têm endereços configurados.
Você deve habilitar a descoberta de vizinhos IPv6 para que esse recurso funcione.
Benefícios do BGP Auto-discovered Neighbor
-
Simplifica a implantação de IGP para um BGP externo de salto único (EBGP)
-
Configura vizinhos por interfaces e intervalos de interface em vez de por endereços IP
-
Minimiza a configuração de ambos os lados com grupos de vizinhos dinâmicos
Exemplo: Configurando o BGP Auto-discovered Neighbor
SUMMARY Este exemplo mostra como configurar o BGP Auto-discovered Neighbor.
Visão geral
A partir do Junos OS Release 21.1R1, oferecemos suporte a vizinhos descobertos automaticamente pelo BGP usando o IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol (ND). Esse recurso permite que o BGP crie sessões de vizinhos de pares usando endereços IPv6 locais de roteadores vizinhos conectados diretamente. Você não precisa especificar endereços IP remotos ou locais vizinhos.
Topologia
A figura a seguir mostra uma topologia de amostra simplificada.
Requisitos
Este exemplo usa os seguintes componentes de hardware e software:
roteadores da série MX
Versão do Junos OS 21.1R1 ou posterior
Configuração
Configuração rápida da CLI
Para configurar rapidamente este exemplo, copie os seguintes comandos, cole-os em um arquivo de texto, remova qualquer quebra de linha, altere os detalhes necessários para combinar com a configuração da sua rede e, em seguida, copie e cole os comandos no CLI no nível de hierarquia [editar].
VM1
set interfaces interface-range tor-to-leaf member ge-0/0/4 set interfaces interface-range tor-to-leaf unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces ge-0/0/4 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.1.1/24 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.30.1/32 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:70::1/128 set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept set policy-options policy-statement lb then load-balance per-packet set policy-options as-list a-list members 1-65535 set routing-options autonomous-system 64500 set routing-options forwarding-table export lb set routing-options forwarding-table ecmp-fast-reroute set protocols router-advertisement interface tor-to-leaf set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group autodisc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group autodisc multipath multiple-as set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery interface tor-to-leaf set protocols bgp group autodisc peer-as-list a-list set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 local-as 64500 set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 neighbor 192.168.1.2 peer-as 64496
VM2
set interfaces interface-range tor-to-leaf member ge-0/0/4 set interfaces interface-range tor-to-leaf unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces ge-0/0/4 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.2.1/24 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.30.2/32 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:60::1/128 set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept set policy-options policy-statement lb then load-balance per-packet set policy-options as-list a-list members 1-65535 set routing-options autonomous-system 64501 set routing-options forwarding-table export lb set routing-options forwarding-table ecmp-fast-reroute set protocols router-advertisement interface tor-to-leaf set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group autodisc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group autodisc multipath multiple-as set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery interface tor-to-leaf set protocols bgp group autodisc peer-as-list a-list set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 local-as 64501 set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 neighbor 192.168.2.2 peer-as 64497
Leaf 1
set interfaces interface-range to-spine member "ge-0/0/[0-4]" set interfaces interface-range to-spine unit 0 family inet set interfaces interface-range to-spine unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces ge-0/0/4 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.1.2/24 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.10.1/32 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:90::1/128 set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept set policy-options policy-statement lb then load-balance per-packet set policy-options as-list a-list members 1-65535 set routing-options autonomous-system 64496 set routing-options forwarding-table export lb set routing-options forwarding-table ecmp-fast-reroute set protocols router-advertisement interface to-spine max-advertisement-interval 9 set protocols router-advertisement interface to-spine min-advertisement-interval 3 set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group autodisc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group autodisc multipath multiple-as set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery interface to-spine set protocols bgp group autodisc peer-as-list a-list set protocols bgp group to-crpd-v4 family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group to-crpd-v4 export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group to-crpd-v4 neighbor 192.168.1.1 peer-as 64500
Leaf 2
set interfaces interface-range to-spine member "ge-0/0/[0-4]" set interfaces interface-range to-spine unit 0 family inet set interfaces interface-range to-spine unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces ge-0/0/4 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.2.2/24 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.10.2/32 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:90::2/128 set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept set policy-options policy-statement lb then load-balance per-packet set policy-options as-list a-list members 1-65535 set routing-options autonomous-system 64497 set routing-options forwarding-table export lb set routing-options forwarding-table ecmp-fast-reroute set protocols router-advertisement interface to-spine max-advertisement-interval 9 set protocols router-advertisement interface to-spine min-advertisement-interval 3 set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group autodisc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group autodisc multipath multiple-as set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery interface to-spine set protocols bgp group autodisc peer-as-list a-list set protocols bgp group to-crpd-v4 family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group to-crpd-v4 export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group to-crpd-v4 neighbor 192.168.2.1 peer-as 64501
Spine 1
set interfaces interface-range to-leaf member "ge-0/0/[0-3]" set interfaces interface-range to-leaf unit 0 family inet set interfaces interface-range to-leaf unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.20.1/32 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:80::1/128 set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept set policy-options policy-statement lb then load-balance per-packet set policy-options as-list a-list members 1-65535 set routing-options autonomous-system 64498 set routing-options forwarding-table export lb set routing-options forwarding-table ecmp-fast-reroute set protocols router-advertisement interface to-leaf max-advertisement-interval 9 set protocols router-advertisement interface to-leaf min-advertisement-interval 3 set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group autodisc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group autodisc multipath multiple-as set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery interface to-leaf set protocols bgp group autodisc peer-as-list a-list
Spine 2
set interfaces interface-range to-leaf member "ge-0/0/[0-3]" set interfaces interface-range to-leaf unit 0 family inet set interfaces interface-range to-leaf unit 0 family inet6 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.20.2/32 set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:80::2/128 set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept set policy-options policy-statement lb then load-balance per-packet set policy-options as-list a-list members 1-65535 set routing-options autonomous-system 64499 set routing-options forwarding-table export lb set routing-options forwarding-table ecmp-fast-reroute set protocols router-advertisement interface to-leaf max-advertisement-interval 9 set protocols router-advertisement interface to-leaf min-advertisement-interval 3 set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet unicast extended-nexthop set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet6 unicast set protocols bgp group autodisc export DIRECT-RTS set protocols bgp group autodisc multipath multiple-as set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery interface to-leaf set protocols bgp group autodisc peer-as-list a-list
Configuração do VM1
Para configurar o vizinho descoberto automaticamente do BGP, execute as seguintes etapas no VM1:
-
Configure as interfaces do dispositivo.
user@VM1# set interfaces interface-range tor-to-leaf member ge-0/0/4 user@VM1# set interfaces interface-range tor-to-leaf unit 0 family inet6
-
Crie a interface de loopback e configure o endereço IP.
user@VM1# set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet address 192.168.30.1/32 user@VM1# set interfaces lo0 unit 0 family inet6 address 2001:db8:70::1/128
-
Habilite políticas de roteamento.
user@VM1# set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS from protocol direct user@VM1# set policy-options policy-statement DIRECT-RTS then accept user@VM1# set policy-options policy-statement lb then load-balance per-packet user@VM1# set policy-options as-list a-list members 1-65535
-
Configure o número do sistema autônomo (AS)
user@VM1# set routing-options autonomous-system 64500
-
Aplique a política por pacote para permitir o balanceamento de carga do tráfego e do ECMP.
user@VM1# set routing-options forwarding-table export lb user@VM1# set routing-options forwarding-table ecmp-fast-reroute
-
Configure o BGP para estabelecer sessões internas e externas de peering.
user@VM1# set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet unicast extended-nexthop user@VM1# set protocols bgp group autodisc family inet6 unicast user@VM1# set protocols bgp group autodisc export DIRECT-RTS user@VM1# set protocols bgp group autodisc multipath multiple-as user@VM1# set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery family inet6 ipv6-nd user@VM1# set protocols bgp group autodisc dynamic-neighbor ndp peer-auto-discovery interface tor-to-leaf user@VM1# set protocols bgp group autodisc peer-as-list a-list user@VM1# set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 family inet unicast extended-nexthop user@VM1# set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 export DIRECT-RTS user@VM1# set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 local-as 5 user@VM1# set protocols bgp group to-leaf-v4 neighbor 192.168.1.2 peer-as 1
-
Se você terminar de configurar o dispositivo, confirme a configuração.
user@VM1# commit
Resultados
A partir do modo de configuração, confirme sua configuração entrando nas interfaces de exibição, mostre protocolos, mostre opções de políticas e mostre comandos de opções de roteamento. Se a saída não exibir a configuração pretendida, repita as instruções neste exemplo para corrigir a configuração.
[edit]
user@VM1# show interfaces
interface-range tor-to-leaf {
member ge-0/0/4;
unit 0 {
family inet6;
}
}
ge-0/0/4 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 192.168.1.1/24;
}
}
}
lo0 {
unit 0 {
family inet {
address 192.168.30.1/32;
}
family inet6 {
address 2001:db8:70::1/128;
}
}
}
[edit]
user@VM1# show protocols
router-advertisement {
interface tor-to-leaf;
}
bgp {
group autodisc {
family inet {
unicast {
extended-nexthop;
}
}
family inet6 {
unicast;
}
export DIRECT-RTS;
multipath {
multiple-as;
}
dynamic-neighbor ndp {
peer-auto-discovery {
family inet6 {
ipv6-nd;
}
interface tor-to-leaf;
}
}
peer-as-list a-list;
}
group to-leaf-v4 {
family inet {
unicast {
extended-nexthop;
}
}
export DIRECT-RTS;
local-as 64500;
neighbor 192.168.1.2 {
peer-as 64496;
}
}
}
[edit]
user@VM1# show policy-options
policy-statement DIRECT-RTS {
from protocol direct;
then accept;
}
policy-statement lb {
then {
load-balance per-packet;
}
}
as-list a-list members 1-65535;
[edit]
user@VM1# show policy-options
policy-statement DIRECT-RTS {
from protocol direct;
then accept;
}
policy-statement lb {
then {
load-balance per-packet;
}
}
as-list a-list members 1-65535;
[edit]
user@VM1# show routing-options
autonomous-system 64500;
forwarding-table {
export lb;
ecmp-fast-reroute;
}
Verificação
Confirme se a configuração está funcionando corretamente.
Verificação de vizinhos descobertos automaticamente
Propósito
Verifique os vizinhos BGP descobertos automaticamente.
Ação
A partir do modo operacional, execute o comandoshow bgp summary auto-discovered
No Leaf1
user@Leaf1> show bgp summary auto-discovered
Threading mode: BGP I/O
Default eBGP mode: advertise - accept, receive - accept
Groups: 2 Peers: 5 Down peers: 1
Auto-discovered peers: 4
Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending
inet.0
24 20 0 0 0 0
inet6.0
16 16 0 0 0 0
Peer AS InPkt OutPkt OutQ Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped...
fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:1049%ge-0/0/3.0 64499 194 195 0 1 1:25:18 Establ
inet.0: 5/6/6/0
inet6.0: 4/4/4/0
fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:104c%ge-0/0/4.0 64499 193 195 0 1 1:25:18 Establ
inet.0: 5/6/6/0
inet6.0: 4/4/4/0
fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:12c9%ge-0/0/1.0 64498 217 223 0 1 1:35:53 Establ
inet.0: 5/6/6/0
inet6.0: 4/4/4/0
fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:12ce%ge-0/0/2.0 64498 218 223 0 1 1:35:57 Establ
inet.0: 5/6/6/0
inet6.0: 4/4/4/0
Na Spine1
user@Spine1> show bgp summary auto-discovered
Threading mode: BGP I/O
Default eBGP mode: advertise - accept, receive - accept
Groups: 1 Peers: 4 Down peers: 0
Auto-discovered peers: 4
Table Tot Paths Act Paths Suppressed History Damp State Pending
inet.0
24 20 0 0 0 0
inet6.0
16 16 0 0 0 0
Peer AS InPkt OutPkt OutQ Flaps Last Up/Dwn State|#Active/Received/Accepted/Damped...
fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:2e7%ge-0/0/0.0 64496 245 237 0 0 1:45:19 Establ
inet.0: 5/6/6/0
inet6.0: 4/4/4/0
fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:2f2%ge-0/0/1.0 64496 245 238 0 0 1:45:23 Establ
inet.0: 5/6/6/0
inet6.0: 4/4/4/0
fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:e49%ge-0/0/2.0 64497 245 243 0 0 1:45:19 Establ
inet.0: 5/6/6/0
inet6.0: 4/4/4/0
fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:e59%ge-0/0/3.0 64497 247 248 0 0 1:45:23 Establ
inet.0: 5/6/6/0
inet6.0: 4/4/4/0
Significado
A saída mostra o resumo dos vizinhos BGP descobertos automaticamente. Você pode ver o número de peers descobertos automaticamente e seus detalhes.
Verificando os peers auto-descobertos do BGP
Propósito
Verifique os vizinhos BGP descobertos automaticamente.
Ação
A partir do modo operacional, execute o comando.show bgp neighbor auto-discovered
No Leaf1
user@Leaf1> show bgp neighbor auto-discovered Peer: fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:1049%ge-0/0/3.0+65265 AS 64499 Local: fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:2f6%ge-0/0/3.0+179 AS 64496 Group: autodisc Routing-Instance: master Forwarding routing-instance: master Type: External State: Established Flags: <Sync PeerAsList AutoDiscoveredNdp> Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive Last Error: None Export: [ DIRECT-RTS ] Options: <AddressFamily Multipath Refresh> Options: <MultipathAs> Options: <GracefulShutdownRcv> Address families configured: inet-unicast inet6-unicast Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170 Graceful Shutdown Receiver local-preference: 0 Number of flaps: 1 Last flap event: RecvNotify Error: 'Cease' Sent: 0 Recv: 1 Peer ID: 128.49.102.24 Local ID: 128.49.102.139 Active Holdtime: 90 Keepalive Interval: 30 Group index: 2 Peer index: 2 SNMP index: 9 I/O Session Thread: bgpio-0 State: Enabled BFD: disabled, down Local Interface: ge-0/0/3.0 NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast inet6-unicast NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast inet6-unicast NLRI for this session: inet-unicast inet6-unicast Peer supports Refresh capability (2) Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300 Peer does not support Restarter functionality Restart flag received from the peer: Notification NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast inet6-unicast NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast inet6-unicast NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast inet6-unicast ....................
Na Spine1
user@Spine1> show bgp neighbor auto-discovered Peer: fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:2e7%ge-0/0/0.0+60458 AS 64496 Local: fe80::5668:a3ff:fe16:12c9%ge-0/0/0.0+179 AS 64498 Group: autodisc Routing-Instance: master Forwarding routing-instance: master Type: External State: Established Flags: <Sync PeerAsList AutoDiscoveredNdp> Last State: OpenConfirm Last Event: RecvKeepAlive Last Error: None Export: [ DIRECT-RTS ] Options: <AddressFamily Multipath Refresh> Options: <MultipathAs> Options: <GracefulShutdownRcv> Address families configured: inet-unicast inet6-unicast Holdtime: 90 Preference: 170 Graceful Shutdown Receiver local-preference: 0 Number of flaps: 0 Peer ID: 128.49.102.139 Local ID: 128.49.103.129 Active Holdtime: 90 Keepalive Interval: 30 Group index: 1 Peer index: 3 SNMP index: 7 I/O Session Thread: bgpio-0 State: Enabled BFD: disabled, down Local Interface: ge-0/0/0.0 NLRI for restart configured on peer: inet-unicast inet6-unicast NLRI advertised by peer: inet-unicast inet6-unicast NLRI for this session: inet-unicast inet6-unicast Peer supports Refresh capability (2) Stale routes from peer are kept for: 300 Peer does not support Restarter functionality Restart flag received from the peer: Notification NLRI that restart is negotiated for: inet-unicast inet6-unicast NLRI of received end-of-rib markers: inet-unicast inet6-unicast NLRI of all end-of-rib markers sent: inet-unicast inet6-unicast Peer does not support LLGR Restarter functionality Peer supports 4 byte AS extension (peer-as 64496) Peer does not support Addpath NLRI that we support extended nexthop encoding for: inet-unicast NLRI that peer supports extended nexthop encoding for: inet-unicast Table inet.0 Bit: 20000 ....................
Significado
A saída mostra informações sobre os vizinhos BGP descobertos automaticamente.