List of Figures

Figure 1: OC12 Clear Channel on a Channelized OC12 IQ Interface

Figure 2: Complex Configuration for a Channelized OC12 IQ Interface

Figure 3: Channelized OC12 IQ Interface in SDH Mode Example

Figure 4: Converted Channelized OC12 IQ Interface SDH Mapping Method

Figure 5: Channelized OC3 IQ Interface Example

Figure 6: Channelized DS3 IQ Interface Example

Figure 7: Channelized T1 IQ Interface Example

Figure 8: Channelized STM1 IQ Interface Example

Figure 9: Channelized STM1 IQ Interface SDH Mapping Method

Figure 10: Channelized E1 IQ Interface Example

Figure 11: Packet Flow Through CoS-Configurable Components

Figure 12: Basic IPv6 DiffServ Topology

Figure 13: IPv6 DiffServ Configuration

Figure 14: Routing Matrix Architecture

Figure 15: Routing Matrix Topology Diagram

Figure 16: DCU/SCU Concept

Figure 17: SCU Topology Diagram

Figure 18: SCU in a Layer 3 VPN Topology Diagram

Figure 19: GMPLS LSP Hierarchy

Figure 20: TE Link and Interface ID Example

Figure 21: GMPLS Topology Diagram

Figure 22: LMP Control Channel Topology Diagram

Figure 23: Connecting IPv6 Islands over MPLS

Figure 24: IPv6 over an MPLS Tunnel

Figure 25: Carrier-of-Carriers Example

Figure 26: Multiple-Instance LDP Topology Diagram

Figure 27: Link Protection and Node-Link Protection Comparison

Figure 28: MPLS LSP Link Protection Topology Diagram

Figure 29: Node-Link Protection Topology Diagram

Figure 30: RSVP LSP Tunnel Topology Diagram

Figure 31: Overlapping VPNs Topology Diagram

Figure 32: Nonforwarding Instance Concept

Figure 33: Nonforwarding Instances Topology Diagram

Figure 34: Logical Systems Concept

Figure 35: Logical System Topology Diagram

Figure 36: OSPFv3 for IPv6 Topology Diagram

Figure 37: MT-OSPF Area Boundary

Figure 38: BGP Route Resolution

Figure 39: Route Resolution for MTR

Figure 40: Route Resolution in Multitopology Routing

Figure 41: Passive Flow Monitoring Application Topology

Figure 42: Dynamic Flow Capture Topology

Figure 43: Passive Flow Monitoring—Topology Diagram

Figure 44: Flow Collector Interface Topology Diagram

Figure 45: Flow-Tap Topology Diagram

Figure 46: Active Flow Monitoring—Sampling Configuration Topology Diagram

Figure 47: Active Flow Monitoring—Sampling and Discard Accounting Topology Diagram

Figure 48: Active Flow Monitoring—Multiple Port Mirroring with Next-Hop Groups Topology Diagram

Figure 49: Version 5 Packet Header Format

Figure 50: Version 5 Flow-Export Flow Header Format

Figure 51: Version 8 Template Flow Format

Figure 52: Version 8 AS Aggregation Flow Entry Format

Figure 53: Version 8 Protocol/Port Aggregation Flow Entry Format

Figure 54: Version 8 Prefix Aggregation Flow Entry Format

Figure 55: Version 8 Source Prefix Aggregation Flow Entry Format

Figure 56: Version 8 Destination Prefix Aggregation Flow Entry Format

Figure 57: Version 9 Flow Header Format

Figure 58: Version 9 Template FlowSet Format

Figure 59: Version 9 Data FlowSet Format

Figure 60: Version 9 Options Template Format

Figure 61: Active Flow Monitoring Version 9 Options Data Record Format

Figure 62: AH Protocol

Figure 63: ESP Protocol

Figure 64: ES PIC Manual SA Topology Diagram

Figure 65: AS PIC Manual SA Topology Diagram

Figure 66: ES PIC IKE Dynamic SA Topology Diagram

Figure 67: AS PIC IKE Dynamic SA Topology Diagram

Figure 68: AS PIC to ES PIC IKE Dynamic SA Topology Diagram

Figure 69: AS PIC IKE Dynamic SA Topology Diagram

Figure 70: IPSec Dynamic Endpoint Tunneling Topology Diagram

Figure 71: Layer 2 Circuit Connection

Figure 72: Layer 2 Circuit Concept

Figure 73: Ethernet-Based Layer 2 Circuit Topology Diagram

Figure 74: SONET/SDH-Based Layer 2 Circuit Topology Diagram

Figure 75: ATM2 IQ-Based Layer 2 Circuit Topology Diagram

Figure 76: Layer 2 Circuit Traffic Engineering Topology Diagram

Figure 77: APS for a Layer 2 Circuit Topology Diagram

Figure 78: Multiprotocol BGP Multicast VPN Example

Figure 79: Multicast Over Layer 3 VPN Example Topology

Figure 80: Multicast Over Layer 3 VPN Operation

Figure 81: Basic IPv4 Multicast over a Layer 3 VPN Topology Diagram

Figure 82: IPv4 Multicast with Interprovider VPNs Topology Diagram

Figure 83: TCC Concept Example

Figure 84: Layer 2 TCC Switching

Figure 85: TCC Interface Switching—PPP to ATM

Figure 86: TCC Interface Switching—Frame Relay to Fast Ethernet

Figure 87: Layer 2.5 VPN Topology Diagram

Figure 88: Ethernet Switching Example

Figure 89: VPLS Introductory Example

Figure 90: Topology for BGP/LDP Interworking in a VPLS Instance

Figure 91: Multihoming for Border Area Routers

Figure 92: Traditional Flooding in a VPLS Routing Instance

Figure 93: VPLS Routing Instance with Point-to-Multipoint LSP Flooding

Figure 94: VPLS Topology Diagram

Figure 95: Topology for VPLS Configuration Example

Figure 96: Inter-AS VPLS with MAC Operations Example Topology