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How Output Appears on the Screen

When you issue commands in operational mode, or when you issue the show command in configuration mode, the output appears on the screen. You can also filter the output of commands, either to perform simple commands on the output or to place the output into a file.

Display Output One Screen at a Time

If the output is longer than the screen length, it appears one screen at a time using a UNIX more-type interface. The prompt ---More--- indicates that more output is available. Table 2 lists the keyboard sequences you can use at the ---More--- prompt. As soon as the CLI knows how long the output is (usually by the second screen), it displays the percentage of the command output above the prompt.

Table 2: ---More--- Prompt Keyboard Sequences
Category
Action
Keyboard Sequence
Get Help
Display information about the keyboard sequences you can display at the ---More--- prompt.
h
Scroll Down
Scroll down one line.
Enter, Return, k, Ctrl-m, Ctrl-n, or down arrow
Scroll down one-half screen.
Tab, d, Ctrl-d, or Ctrl-x
Scroll down one whole screen.
Space or Ctrl-f
Scroll down to the bottom of the output.
Ctrl-e or G
Display the output all at once instead of one screen at a time. (Same as specifying the | no-more command.)
N
Scroll Up
Display the previous line of output.
j, Ctrl-h, Ctrl-p, or up arrow
Scroll up one-half screen.
u or Ctrl-u
Scroll up one whole screen.
b or Ctrl-b
Scroll up to the top of the output.
Ctrl-a or g
Search
Search forward for a string.
/string
Search backward for a string.
?string
Repeat the previous search for a string.
n
Search for a text string. You are prompted for the string to match. (Same as specifying the | match string command.)
m or M
Search, ignoring a text string. You are prompted for the string to not match. (Same as specifying the | except string command.)
e or E
Interrupt or End Output, Redraw the Output, and Save the Output to a File
Interrupt the display of output.
Ctrl-C, q, Q, or Ctrl-k
Do not redisplay the CLI prompt immediately after displaying the output, but remain at the ---More--- prompt. (Same as specifying the | hold command.)
H
Clear any match conditions and display the complete output.
c or C
Redraw the output on the screen.
Ctrl-l
Save the command output to a file. You are prompted for a filename. (Same as specifying the | save filename command.)
s or S

 

Filter Command Output

For operational and configuration commands that display output, such as the show commands, you can filter the output. When you display help about these commands, one of the options listed is |, called a pipe, which allows you to filter the command output. For example:

 user@host> show configuration ?
 Possible completions:
     <[Enter]>                Execute this command
     |                Pipe through a command
 user@host> show configuration | ? 
 Possible completions:
     count                Count occurrences
     except                Show only text that does not match a pattern
     find                Search for the first occurrence of a pattern
     hold                Hold text without exiting the ---(more)--- prompt
     match                Show only text that matches a pattern
     no-more                Don't paginate output
     resolve                Resolve IP addresses
     save                Save output text to a file
     trim                Trim specified number of columns from the start line
 

In configuration mode, two additional filters appear, display and compare:

 [edit]
 user@host # show | ? 
 Possible completions:
     compare                Compare configuration changes with a prior version
     count                Count occurrences
     display                Display additional configuration information
     except                Show only text that does not match a pattern
     find                Search for the first occurrence of a pattern
     hold                Hold text without exiting the ----More--- prompt
     match                Show only text that matches a pattern
     no-more                Don't paginate output
     resolve                Resolve IP addresses
     save                Save output text to a file
     trim                Trim specified number of columns from the start line
 

The following filtering operations are available:

Place Command Output in a File

When the output is very long, when you need to store or analyze the output, or when you need to email or FTP the output, you can place the output of a command into a file. Doing this is useful when the output scrolls off the screen, making it difficult to cut the output from a window and paste it into another.

To save the output to a file, specify the save command after the pipe:

 user@host> command | save filename 
 

By default, the file is placed in your home directory on the router. For information about how you can specify the name of the file, see How to Specify Filenames and URLs.

This example stores the output of the request support information command in a file:

 user@host> request support information | save filename 
 Wrote 1143 lines of output to `filename'
 user@host>
Search for a String in the Output

You can filter the output to search for a text matching a regular expression. You can match a regular expression match everything except a regular expression, or find the first occurrence of text matching a regular expression. All searches are not case-sensitive.

To match a regular expression, specify the match command after the pipe:

 user@host> command | match regular-expression 
 

To ignore text that matches a regular expression, specify the except command after the pipe:

 user@host> command | except regular-expression 
 

If the regular-expression contains any spaces, operators, or wildcard characters, enclose it in quotation marks.

You use extended regular expressions to specify what text in the output to match. Command regular expressions implement the extended (modern) regular expressions as defined in POSIX 1003.2. Table 3 lists common regular expression operators.

Table 3: Common Regular Expression Operators
Operator
Match...
|
One of the two terms on either side of the pipe.
^
At the beginning of an expression, used to denote where the command begins, where there might be some ambiguity.
$
Character at the end of a command. Used to denote a command that must be matched exactly up to that point. For example, allow-commands "show interfaces $" means that the user cannot issue show interfaces detail or show interfaces extensive.
[ ]
Range of letters or digits. To separate the start and end of a range, use a hyphen ( - ).
( )
A group of commands, indicating an expression to be evaluated and the result is then evaluated as part of the overall expression.

 

For example, if a command produces the following output:

 one two
 two two
 three two one
 four
 

The match two command displays:

 one two
 two two
 three two one
 

The except one command displays:

 two two
 four
 

List all the ATM interfaces in the configuration:

 user@host> show configuration | match at- 
     at-2/1/0 {
     at-2/1/1 {
     at-2/2/0 {
     at-5/2/0 {
     at-5/3/0 {
 

Display a skeleton of your router configuration:

 [edit]
 user@host # show | match {
 system {
     root-authentication {
     name-server {
     login {
         class superuser {
         user juniper {
             authentication {
     services {
     syslog {
         file messages {
     processes {
 chassis {
     alarm {
         sonet {
     images {
         scb {
         fpc {
 interfaces {
     at-2/1/1 {
         atm-options {
         unit 0 {
     at-2/2/0 {
     ...
 snmp {
     community public {
         clients {
 routing-options {
     static {
         route 0.0.0.0/0 {
         route 192.168.0.0/16 {
         route 208.197.169.0/24 {
 protocols {
     rsvp {
         interface so-5/1/0 {
     mpls {
         interface so-5/1/0 {
     bgp {
         group internal {
     ospf {
         area 0.0.0.0 {
             interface so-5/1/0 {
 

List all users who are logged into the router except for the user "root":

 user@host> show system users | except root
  8:28PM  up 1 day, 13:59, 2 users, load averages: 0.01, 0.01, 0.00
 USER     TTY FROM              LOGIN@  IDLE WHAT
 sheep    p0  baa.juniper.net   7:25PM     - cli
 

Save the configuration, except for encrypted passwords, to a file:

 user@host> show configuration | except SECRET-DATA | save my.output.file 
 

Display the output, starting not at the beginning but rather at the first occurrence of text matching a regular expression, using the find command after the pipe:

 user@host> command | find regular-expression 
 

If the regular expression contains spaces, operators, or wildcard characters, enclose the expression in quotation marks.

List the routes in the routing table starting at 208.197.169.0:

 user@host> show route | find 208.197.169.0
 208.197.169.0/24   *[Static/5] 1d 13:22:11
                     > to 192.168.4.254 via so-3/0/0.0
 224.0.0.5/32       *[OSPF/10] 1d 13:22:12, metric 1
 
 iso.0: 1 destinations, 1 routes (1 active, 0 holddown, 0 hidden)
 + = Active Route, - = Last Active, * = Both
 
 47.0005.80ff.f800.0000.0108.0001.1921.6800.4015.00/160
                    *[Direct/0] 1d 13:22:12
                     > via lo0.0
Compare Configuration Changes with a Prior Version

In configuration mode only, when you have made changes to the configuration and want to compare the candidate configuration with a prior version, you can use the compare command to display the configuration. The compare command compares the candidate configuration with either the current committed configuration or a configuration file and displays the differences between the two configurations. To compare configurations, specify the compare command after the pipe:

 [edit]
 user@host# show | compare [filename | rollback n]
 

filename is the full path to a configuration file. The file must be in the proper format, a hierarchy of statements. For information about how to save a configuration to a file, see Save a Configuration to a File. For information about formatting the hierarchy of statements, see Configuration Statement Hierarchy.

n is the index into the list of previously committed configurations. The most recently saved configuration is number 0, and the oldest saved configuration is number 9. If you do not specify arguments, the candidate configuration is compared against the active configuration file (/config/juniper.conf).

The comparison output uses the following conventions:

The following example shows various changes, then a comparison of the candidate configuration with the active configuration, showing only the changes made at the [edit protocols bgp] hierarchy level.

 [edit]
 user@host# edit protocols bgp 
 
 [edit protocols bgp]
 user@host# show 
 group "my group" {
     type internal;
     hold-time 60;
     advertise-inactive;
     allow 1.1.1.1/32;
 }
 group fred {
     allow 2.2.2.2/32;
 }
 group "test peers" {
     type external;
     allow 3.3.3.3/32;
 }
 [edit protocols bgp]
 user@host# set group "my group" hold-time 90 
 [edit protocols bgp]
 user@host# delete group "my group" advertise-inactive 
 [edit protocols bgp]
 user@host# set group fred advertise-inactive 
 [edit protocols bgp]
 user@host# delete group "test peers" 
 [edit protocols bgp]
 user@host# show | compare 
 group "my group" {
     type internal;
 -    hold-time 60;
 +    hold-time 90;
 -    advertise-inactive;
     allow 1.1.1.1/32;
 }
 group fred {
 +    advertise-inactive;
     allow 2.2.2.2/32;
 }
 -group "test peers" {
 -    type external;
 -    allow 3.3.3.3/32;
 -}
 [edit protocols bgp]
 user@host# show 
 group "my group" {
     type internal;
     hold-time 90;
     allow 1.1.1.1/32;
 }
 group fred {
     advertise-inactive;
     allow 2.2.2.2/32;
 }
 

To show only the changes between the two configurations, use a match command:

 user@host# show | compare | match "^[+-]"
Count the Number of Lines in the Output

To count the number of lines in the output, specify the count command after the pipe:

 user@host> command | count 
 

For example:

 user@host> show configuration | count
 Count: 269 lines
 user@host> show route | count
 Count: 67 lines
Display All Output at Once

To display the output all at once instead of one screen at a time, specify the no-more command after the pipe. This command is equivalent to the set cli screen-length 0 command, but affects the output of the one command only.

 user@host> command | no-more 
Retain the Output after the Last Screen

When you view output one screen at a time, you typically return to the CLI prompt after viewing the last screen.

To not return immediately, use the hold command after the pipe. This feature is useful, for example, when you want to scroll or search through the output.

 user@host> command | hold 
Display Additional Information about the Configuration

In configuration mode only, to display additional information about the configuration, use the display detail command after the pipe in conjunction with a show command. The additional information includes the help string that explains each configuration statement and the permission bits required to add and modify the configuration statement.

 user@host> show <hierarchy-level> | display detail 
 

For example:

 [edit]
 user@host> show | display detail
     ##
     ## version: Software version information
     ## require: system
     ##
     version "3.4R1 [tlim]";
     system {
     ##
     ## host-name: Host name for this router
     ## match: ^[[:alnum:]._-]+$
     ## require: system
     ##
     host-name router-name;
     ##
     ## domain-name: Domain name for this router
     ## match: ^[[:alnum:]._-]+$
     ## require: system
     ##
     domain-name isp.net;
     ##
     ## backup-router: Address of router to use while booting
     ##
     backup-router 192.168.100.1;
     root-authentication {
         ##
         ## encrypted-password: Crypted password string
         ##
         encrypted-password "$1$BYJQE$/ocQof8pmcm7MSGK0"; # SECRET-DATA
     }
     ##
     ## name-server: DNS name servers
     ## require: system
     ##
     name-server {
         ##
         ## name-server: DNS name server address
         ##
         208.197.1.0;
     }
     login {
         ##
         ## class: User name (login)
         ## match: ^[[:alnum:]_-]+$
         ##
         class superuser {
             ##
             ## permissions: Set of permitted operation categories
             ##
             permissions all;
     }
     ...
     ##
     ## services: System services
     ## require: system
     ##
     services {
         ## services: Service name
         ##
         ftp;
         ##
         ## services: Service name
         ##
         telnet;
         ##
     }
     syslog {
         ##
         ## file-name: File to record logging data
         ##
         file messages {
             ##
             ## Facility type
             ## Level name
             ##
             any notice;
             ##
             ## Facility type
             ## Level name
             ##
         authorization info;
         }
     }
 }
 chassis {
     alarm {
         sonet {
             ##
             ## lol: Loss of light
             ## alias: loss-of-light
             ##
             lol red;
             }
         }
     }
 }
 interfaces {
     ##
     ## Interface name
     ##
     at-2/1/1 {
         atm-options {
             ##
             ## vpi: Virtual path index
             ## range: 0 .. 255
             ## maximum-vcs: Maximum number of virtual circuits on this VP
             ##
             vpi 0 maximum-vcs 512;
         }
         ##
         ## unit: Logical unit number
         ## range: 0 .. 16384
         ##
         unit 0 {
             ##
             ## vci: ATM point-to-point virtual circuit identifier ([vpi.]vci)
             ## match: ^([[:digit:]]+.){0,1}[[:digit:]]+$
             ##
             vci 0.128;
         }
     }
 ...
Filter Command Output Multiple Times

For the output of a single command, you can filter the output one or more times. For example:

 user@host> command | match regular-expression | except regular-expression | match 
other-regular-expression | find regular-expression | hold 



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