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I

IANA — Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. A regulatory group that maintains all assigned and registered Internet numbers, such as IP and multicast addresses. See also NIC.

IBGP — Internal BGP. A BGP configuration in which sessions are established between routers in the same autonomous system (AS).

ICMP — Internet Control Message Protocol. Used in router discovery, ICMP allows router advertisements that enable a host to discover addresses of operating routers on the subnet.

ICMP Router Discovery Protocol — See IRDP.

IDE — Integrated Drive Electronics. Type of hard disk on a Routing Engine.

IDEA — International Data Encryption Algorithm. An algorithm that uses a 128-bit key and is one of the methods at the heart of Pretty Good Privacy (PGP). IDEA is patented by Ascom Tech AG and is popular in Europe.

Idle — Initial BGP neighbor state in which the local router refuses all incoming session requests.

IDS — Intrusion detection service. A service that inspects all inbound and outbound network activity and identifies suspicious patterns that may indicate a network or system attack from someone attempting to break into or compromise a system.

IEC — International Electrotechnical Commission. See ISO.

IEEE — Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. An international professional society for electrical engineers.

IETF — Internet Engineering Task Force. An international community of network designers, operators, vendors, and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet.

IFD — (A Juniper Networks internal use acronym.) See physical interface.

IFF — (A Juniper Networks internal use acronym.) See protocol families.

IFL — (A Juniper Networks internal use acronym.) See logical interface.

I-frame — Information frame used to transfer data in sequentially numbered logical link control protocol data units (LPDUs) between link stations.

IGMP — Internet Group Management Protocol. A host-to-router signaling protocol for IPv4, used to determine whether group members are present during IP multicasting.

IGP — Interior gateway protocol, such as IS-IS, OSPF, or RIP.

IKE — Internet Key Exchange. Part of IPSec that provides ways to securely negotiate the shared private keys that the AH and ESP portions of IPSec need to function properly. IKE employs Diffie-Hellman methods and is optional in IPSec (the shared keys can be entered manually at the endpoints).

ILMI — Integrated Local Management Interface. A specification developed by the ATM Forum that incorporates network management capabilities into the ATM user-to-network interface (UNI) and provides bidirectional exchange of management information between UNI management entities (UMEs).

IMEI — International Mobile Station Equipment Identity. A unique code used to identify an individual mobile station to a GSM network.

import — Installation of routes from the routing protocols into a routing table.

IMSI — International Mobile Subscriber Identity. Information that identifies a particular subscriber to a GSM network.

IMT-2000 — International Mobile Telecommunications 2000. Global standard for third-generation (3G) wireless communications, defined by a set of interdependent ITU Recommendations. IMT-2000 provides a framework for worldwide wireless access by linking the diverse systems of terrestrial and satellite-based networks.

inet.0 — Default JUNOS software routing table for IPv4 unicast routers.

inet.1 — Default JUNOS software routing table for storing the multicast cache for active data streams in the network.

inet.2 — Default JUNOS software routing table for storing unicast IPv4 routes specifically used to prevent forwarding loops in a multicast network.

inet.3 — Default JUNOS software routing table for storing the egress IP address of an MPLS label-switched path.

inet.4 — Default JUNOS software routing table for storing information generated by the Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP).

inet6.0 — Default JUNOS software routing table for storing unicast IPv6 routes.

infinity metric — Metric value used in distance-vector protocols to represent an unusable route. For RIP, the infinity metric is 16.

ingress router — In MPLS, the first router in a label-switched path (LSP). See also egress router.

Init — OSPF adjacency state in which the local router has received a hello packet but bidirectional communication is not yet established.

insert — JUNOS software command that allows a user to reorder terms in a routing policy or a firewall filter, or change the order of a policy chain.

instance.inetflow.0 — Routing table that shows route flows through BGP.

integrated bridging and routing — See IBR.

Integrated Drive Electronics — See IDE.

Integrated Local Management Interface — See ILMI.

Integrated Services Digital Network — See ISDN.

intelligent queuing — See IQ.

inter-AS routing — Routing of packets among different autonomous systems (ASs). See also EBGP.

intercluster reflection — In a BGP route reflection, the redistribution of routing information by a route reflector system to all nonclient peers (BGP peers not in the cluster). See also route reflection.

interface cost — Value added to all received routes in a distance-vector network before they are placed into the routing table. The JUNOS software uses a cost of 1 for this value.

interface preservation — See link state replication.

interface routes — Routes that are in the routing table because an interface has been configured with an IP address. Also called direct routes.

intermediate system — In IS-IS, the network entity that sends and receives packets and can also route packets.

internal BGP — See IBGP.

International Data Encryption Algorithm — See IDEA.

International Mobile Station Equipment Identity — See IMEI.

International Mobile Subscriber Identity — See IMSI.

International Mobile Telecommunications- 2000 — See IMT-2000.

International Organization for Standardization — See ISO.

International Telecommunication Union — See ITU-T.

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority — See IANA.

Internet Control Message Protocol — See ICMP.

Internet Engineering Task Force — See IETF.

Internet Group Management Protocol — See IGMP.

Internet Key Exchange — See IKE.

Internet Processor ASIC — Juniper Networks ASIC responsible for using the forwarding table to make routing decisions within the Packet Forwarding Engine. The Internet Processor ASIC also implements firewall filters.

Internet Protocol — See IP.

Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol — See ISAKMP.

Internet service provider — See ISP.

interprovider VPN — VPN that provides connectivity between separate autonomous systems (ASs) with separate border edge routers. It is used by VPN customers who have connections to several different ISPs, or different connections to the same ISP in different geographic regions, each of which has a different AS.

intra-AS routing — Routing of packets within a single autonomous system (AS). See also IBGP.

intrusion detection service — See IDS.

I/O Manager ASIC — Juniper Networks ASIC responsible for segmenting data packets into 64-byte J-cells and for queuing result cells before transmission.

IP — Internet Protocol. The protocol used for sending data from one point to another on the Internet.

IP Control Protocol — See IPCP.

IPCP — IP Control Protocol. Protocol that establishes and configures IP over the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP).

IPSec — IP Security. A standard way to add security to Internet communications. The secure aspects of IPSec are usually implemented in three parts: the authentication header (AH), the Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), and the Internet Key Exchange (IKE).

IP Security — See IPSec.

IP television — See IPTV.

IPTV — IP television. A system using the Internet protocol to deliver digital television service over a network.

IQ — Intelligent queuing. M-series and T-series routing platform interfaces that offer granular quality–of–service (QoS) capabilities; extensive statistics on packets and bytes that are transmitted, received, or dropped; and embedded diagnostic tools.

IRB — Integrated bridging and routing. IRB provides simultaneous support for Layer 2 (L2) bridging and Layer 3 (L3) routing within the same bridge domain. Packets arriving on an interface of the bridge domain are L2 switched or L3 routed based on the destination MAC address. Packets addressed to the router's MAC address are routed to other L3 interfaces.

IRDP — ICMP Router Discovery Protocol. A protocol that enables a host to determine the address of a router that it can use as a default gateway.

ISAKMP — Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol. A protocol that allows the receiver of a message to obtain a public key and use digital certificates to authenticate the sender’s identity. ISAKMP is key exchange independent; that is, it supports many different key exchanges. See also IKE, Oakley.

ISDN — Integrated Services Digital Network. A set of digital communications standards that enable the transmission of information over existing twisted-pair telephone lines at higher speeds than standard analog telephone service. An ISDN interface provides multiple B-channels (bearer channels) for data and one D-channel for control and signaling information. See also B-channel, D-channel.

I-SID — The 24–bit service instance identifier field carried inside an I-TAG. The I-SID defines the service instance to which the frame is mapped.

IS-IS — Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System. A link-state, interior gateway routing protocol for IP networks that uses the shortest-path-first (SPF) algorithm to determine routes.

ISO — International Organization for Standardization. A worldwide federation of standards bodies that promotes international standardization and publishes international agreements as International Standards.

ISP — Internet service provider. Company that provides access to the Internet and related services.

I-TAG — A field defined in the IEEE 802.1ah provider MAC encapsulation header that carries the service instance information (I-SID) associated with the frame.

ITU-T — International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization (formerly known as the CCITT). Group supported by the United Nations that makes recommendations and coordinates the development of telecommunications standards for the entire world.

ITU-T Rec. G.992.1 — International standard that defines ADSL. Annex A defines how ADSL works over twisted-pair copper (POTS) lines. Annex B defines how ADSL works over ISDN lines.

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